摘要
通过露天矿山生态环境的微地形修复治理技术的研究,探索较为实用、高效、低成本的生态修复新技术、新方法,为露天矿山生态修复提供技术支撑。本文通过生态修复技术的制作过程、实际复绿效果与层次分析-模糊综合评价法相结合,对矿山生态修复技术评价进行了综合评定。首先通过飞挂土槽生态修复技术、预制拼装生态修复技术、土袋锚挡生态修复技术的工程措施的实施,结合植物种植进行生态恢复,采矿遗留的地形地貌得到改善、绿化面积显著提高。其次通过层次分析法构建微地形生态修复技术评价指标体系,选择技术指标B1、植被指标B2、效益指标B3作为一级评价指标,稳定性C1、成本C2、施工难易程度C3等12个指标作为二级指标,经过权重比较一级指标中技术指标B1占主导地位,二级指标中稳定性C1、成本C2、复绿面积C6、生态环境C11综合权重比重较高。最后通过模糊综合评价法评定得出,土袋锚挡生态修复技术、飞挂土槽生态修复技术及预制拼装生态修复技术指标体系得分均在80分以上,等级均为较好,适合露天矿山微地形治理应用,在实际应用时可依据矿山地形地貌、边坡条件、预算经费等条件合理选择。微地形生态修复技术实施效果与层次分析-模糊综合评价法的深度融合得出,此分析方法可为矿山生态修复技术评价进行综合评定。
Through the research of micro-topography restoration and treatment technology for the ecological environment of open-pit mine,more practical,efficient and low-cost new technologies and methods for ecological restoration are explored to provide technical support for the ecological restoration of open-pit mine.This paper conducts a comprehensive evaluation of mine ecological restoration technology evaluation by combining the production process of ecological restoration technology,the actual greening effect and the analytic hierarchy process-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Firstly,through the implementation of engineering measures such as the ecological restoration technology of hanging trough ecological restoration construction,prefabricated ecological restoration construction and planting bag ecological restoration construction,combined with planting for ecological restoration,the topography and landform of abandoned mines are improved and the greening area is significantly increased.Secondly,through the AHP index system for micro-topography ecological restoration technology is constructed.It selects technical index B1,vegetation index B2 and benefit index B3 as first-level evaluation indexes,twelve indexes such as stability C1,cost C2,construction difficulty C3,etc.,are taken as second-level evaluation indexes.Through weighted comparison,it is found that technical index B1 from the first-level index is the dominant index and the stability C1,cost C2,greening area C6 and ecological environment C11 from the second-level index has relatively higher comprehensive weight index proportions.At last,through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,it finds that the scores of the three ecological restoration technologies such as planting bag construction,hanging trough construction and prefabricated construction are all above 80 points and all fell in the good grade.They are all suitable for open-pit mine micro-topography treatment.In practice,it should be selected considering the conditions of mine topography,slop
作者
于帅
YU Shuai(The Second Geological Brigade of Hebei Geology and Mineral Exploration Bureau(Hebei Province Mine Environment Restoration and Treatment Technology Center),Tangshan 063004,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
北大核心
2024年第11期39-48,共10页
China Mining Magazine
关键词
层次分析法
模糊综合评价
微地形
矿山生态修复
露天矿山
analytic hierarchy process
fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
micro-topography
mine ecological restoration
open-pit mine
