摘要
PM_(2.5)是空气动力学当量直径小于等于2.5μm的细颗粒物,是引发雾霾的首要污染物。近年来,众多研究结果显示,PM_(2.5)与多种眼科疾病存在关联且致病机制复杂。它能破坏泪膜稳态和睑板腺功能,引发干眼;增加过敏性及其他结膜炎的患病风险;可能导致睑缘炎;影响角膜上皮稳态,推动角膜病发展;与白内障的相关性存在争议;与青光眼的发病风险相关;与年龄相关性黄斑变性有关联;还可能间接促进糖尿病视网膜病变。防控措施包括控制PM_(2.5)水平、加强宣教与筛查、减少外出并佩戴护目镜等。PM_(2.5)与眼科疾病密切相关,但其具体致病机制仍需更多研究加以探究。
PM_(2.5)is a fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of less than or equal to 2.5μm,and it is the primary pollutant that causes haze.In recent years,numerous research results have shown that PM_(2.5)is associated with various ophthalmic diseases and its pathogenic mechanism is complex.It can disrupt the homeostasis of the tear film and the function of the meibomian glands,leading to dry eye;increase the risk of allergic and other types of conjunctivitis;may cause blepharitis;affect the homeostasis of the corneal epithelium and promote the development of keratopathy;the correlation with cataract is controversial;it is related to the risk of glaucoma;it is associated with age-related macular degeneration;it may also indirectly promote diabetic retinopathy.Prevention and control measures include controlling the level of PM_(2.5),strengthening publicity and screening,reducing going out and wearing goggles,etc.PM_(2.5)is closely related to ophthalmic diseases,but its specific pathogenic mechanism still requires more research to explore.
作者
杨崇超
马严
蒋沁
薛劲松
Yang Chongchao;Ma Yan;Jiang Qin;Xue Jingsong(The Affiliated Eye Hospital,Nanjing Medical University,the Fourth School of clinical Medicine,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China)
出处
《中华眼科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期943-949,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
基金
国家自然科学基金(82070983)。
关键词
眼疾病
空气污染
颗粒物
环境暴露
Eye diseases
Air pollution
Particulate matter
Environmental exposure
