摘要
为建立通用航空飞行空间定向障碍发生的多阶多因素影响分析模型,基于空间定向障碍事故飞行员主观报告分析,从人-机-环境三个角度着手,确定了飞行情境、飞机故障、飞行员身心健康、机组协作、飞行员专业技能5个影响空间定向障碍发生的一阶因素及22个二阶因素。采用调查法请75名通航飞行员对22个二阶因素的重要程度进行赋分,并运用层次分析法进行了分析。结果发现:通航飞行员身心健康是一阶因素中引发飞行员空间定向障碍的首要因素;二阶因素中,位列前五的因素依次为情境意识与决策、疲劳、飞行纪律、身体健康状况、自动化系统操作。结果为通用航空实现多途径避免空间定向障碍的发生及通航飞行员克服空间定向障碍的训练提供了参考。
In order to construct multi-order and multi-factor analytical model influencing spatial disorientation in general aviation flights,5 first-order factors and 22 second-order factors affecting spatial disorientation are identified including flight situation,aircraft fault,pilot physical and mental health,crew cooperation and pilot expertise based on the subjective report analysis of the pilots in spatial disorientation accidents and from three perspectives of man-aircraft-environment.The importance of 22 second-order factors is rated by 75 general aviation pilots and the data is analyzed by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The results reveal that the physical and mental health of the pilots is the top first-order factor that triggers spatial disorientation.The top five second-order factors are situation awareness and decision making,fatigue,flight disciplines,physical health status and automated system operation.The results provide a reference for general aviation to achieve a multi-method approach to avoiding spatial disorientation and training general aviation pilots to overcome spatial disorientation.
作者
晏碧华
孔研
刘真
高羽晨熙
Yan Bihua;Kong Yan;Liu Zhen;Gao Yuchenxi(School of Psychology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710062 Shanxi China)
出处
《中国民航飞行学院学报》
2024年第6期5-10,共6页
Journal of Civil Aviation Flight University of China
基金
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021SF-481)。
