摘要
稻田土壤肥力是保障水稻可持续生产的重要物质基础,也是影响水稻优质高产的重要因素。秸秆是作物收获时的重要副产品,我国每年产生约8亿t秸秆,导致土壤中养分的流失不断加剧。秸秆也是一种重要的有机肥源,将其进行还田对维持土壤肥力、提高秸秆资源综合利用效率等方面具有重要作用。然而,不合理的秸秆还田不仅直接危害水稻生长,而且存在加重第二年病虫害发生风险等问题。综述了国内外近年来在秸秆还田培肥稻田土壤研究中所取得的重要进展,剖析了目前所面临的主要问题和未来的发展趋势,并提出了秸秆高效还田、降低病虫害发生的可能技术途径,将为秸秆科学还田、保障粮食安全、实现农业绿色高质量可持续发展提供借鉴。
Maintaining paddy soil fertility is an essential basis for ensuring high quality and high yield of rice.Straw is an important by-product of crop production at harvest,and about 800 million tons of straw are produced in China every year.Straw removal leads to decreased nutrient levels and reduces nutrient cycling every year.As a crucial source of organic fertilizer,straw returning is an important way and an indispensable conservation tillage measure for increasing soil organic matter content,reducing fertilizer input,and realizing resource recycling.However,the unreasonable straw returning to the field not only adversely affects the growth of rice,but also may bring about environmental pollution problems.Here the important progress made in recent years in the research of straw returning to the field for fertilizing paddy soil was reviewed,the main problems currently faced and future development trends were analyzed,and the future research focus in this field was put forward.This paper will provide a basis for fertilizing soil,ensuring food security,and realizing the green and sustainable agriculture.
作者
田文昊
孔亚丽
孔海民
朱春权
曹小闯
朱练峰
金千瑜
张均华
TIAN Wen-hao;KONG Ya-li;KONG Hai-min;ZHU Chun-quan;CAO Xiao-chuang;ZHU Lian-feng;JIN Qian-yu;ZHANG Jun-hua(State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311400;Zhejiang Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310020)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期200-207,共8页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD1500403)
浙江省重点研发计划(2023C02005)
国家农业重大科技项目(NK2022180704)
国家自然科学基金青年项目(32201702)
浙江省自然科学基金一般探索项目(LY23C130005)。
关键词
水稻
稻田
土壤培肥
秸秆还田
可持续农业
rice
paddy soil
improving soil fertility
straw return
sustainable agriculture
