摘要
冲击回转钻孔过程中产生的振动信号往往蕴含着丰富的岩石力学信息,通过振动信号判别岩石力学性质缺少定量研究。通过工程实例采集了冲击回转钻孔过程的三向振动信号,利用钻杆位移曲线提取纯钻进过程信号,通过小波变换消除噪声,分析了钻孔过程振动响应时域、频域和时频域特征,引入取决于概率密度函数形状的幅值域参数,找出了具有代表性的特征值和特征频率,通过岩石力学试验结果分析了钻孔过程振动时频特征与岩石力学性质的相关性。结果表明:三向振动信号中反映振动强度平均水平的均值、标准差、有效值随岩石单轴抗压强度的增加而增加,波峰因子、冲击因子和裕度因子这些反映冲击信号占比的指标随着岩石单轴抗压强度的增加而减小;钻杆轴向的振动信号均值、标准差、有效值、波峰因子、冲击因子和裕度因子均与岩石单轴抗压强度表现出良好的线性关系,通过这些时域特征值预测岩石强度是可行的;钻杆轴向特征频率和钻头冲击频率相当,垂直于钻杆方向的特征频率表现出较大差异,在均一地层条件下,时频域分析结果表明特征频率在钻孔过程中基本保持不变;垂直于钻杆方向的特征频率与岩石单轴抗压强度表现出非线性关系,可结合钻进速度确定岩石的强度。
Vibration signals generated in percussion-rotary drilling process often contain rich rock mechanical information,and there is a lack of quantitative study on using vibration signals to distinguish rock mechanical properties.Here,3D vibration signals in percussion-rotary drilling process were collected with engineering examples,pure drilling process signals were extracted using drill pipe displacement curve,and noise was eliminated with wavelet transform,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency domain characteristics of drilling process vibration responses were analyzed.Amplitude domain parameters depending on probability density function shape were introduced,and representative characteristic values and characteristic frequencies were identified.The correlation between time-frequency characteristics of drilling process vibration and rock mechanical properties was analyzed with rock mechanics test results.The results showed that mean,standard deviation and effective value reflecting average level of vibration intensity in 3-direction vibration signals increase with increase in rock uniaxial compressive strength,while wave peak factor,impact factor and margin factor reflecting proportion of impact signals decrease with increase in rock uniaxial compressive strength;mean,standard deviation,effective value,wave peak factor,impact factor and margin factor of axial vibration signals of drill pipe all exhibit a good linear relation with rock uniaxial compressive strength,it is feasible to predict rock strength with these time-domain characteristic values;axial characteristic frequencies of drill pipe are equivalent to impact frequencies of drill pipe,and characteristic frequencies perpendicular to drill pipe direction exhibit larger differences;under uniform geological conditions,the time-frequency domain analysis results exhibit characteristic frequencies keep basically unchanged in drilling process;characteristic frequencies perpendicular to drill pipe direction exhibit non-linear relation with rock uniaxial co
作者
贾泽庆
吴振君
汤华
程谞
王腾
JIA Zeqing;WU Zhenjun;TANG Hua;CHENG Xu;WANG Teng(Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《振动与冲击》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第21期245-252,共8页
Journal of Vibration and Shock
基金
云南省重点研发计划(202303AA080010)
岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室开放基金课题(SKLGME022014)。
关键词
冲击回转
钻孔
振动响应
时频分析
岩石力学性质
percussion-rotary
drill
vibration response
time-frequency analysis
rock mechanical properties
