摘要
目的通过深入分析隐匿性投毒杀人案件的特点,为基层法医检验、毒化筛查提供科学参考,为高效发现非正常死亡案(事)件警情中的投毒杀人的隐案或漏案提供方向。方法收集湖南省2018—2023年的投毒案件资料,利用Origin和EXCEL软件进行回顾性统计分析。结果2018—2023年来,投毒杀人案件共计149起,城区15起(10.1%),农村134起(89.9%);造成人员伤亡的46起,以投放杀鼠剂类毒物最多(52.2%),氰化物(4.3%)、亚硝酸盐(4.3%)、铊(2.2%)等使用频次较低,且多发生在城区,投放方式主要是将毒物混入饮用水中(28.3%),饭菜(26.1%)、深色或者重口味调料中(8.7%);嫌疑人性别计数无明显差异,男性被害人计数明显高于女性;嫌疑人在19~45岁区间段居多,被害人在46~60岁区间段居多。未造成人员伤亡后果的案件103起,99%案发区域在农村,所涉毒物种类95%以上包含气味刺鼻的杀虫剂或除草剂类,而占比最少的是杀鼠剂(1.9%)。结论投毒杀人案件案发区域、所涉毒物类别有明显的城乡差异,需对疑似投毒案件开展有城乡侧重点的调查取证;中毒症状隐匿或有一定潜伏期易误诊、漏诊,对于非正常死亡案(事)件,应常规采心血、毛发送检进行常见毒物筛查分析。
Objective By analyzing the characteristics of hidden poisoning homicide cases,provide scientific references for grass-roots forensic examination and toxicological screening and provide direction for the efficient discovery of hidden or missed cases of poisoning homicide in non-natural death cases.Methods Poisoning incidents in Hunan Province from 2018 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed and compiled using Origin and EXCEL software.Results There were a total of 149 poisoning homicide cases,with 15 occurring in urban areas(accounting for 10.1%)and 134 in rural areas(accounting for 89.9%).Out of the 46 cases that led to casualties,rodenticide poisoning was the most prevalent(accounting for 52.2%),followed by cyanide(4.3%),nitrite(4.3%),thallium(2.2%),and other forms of poisoning.These incidents were primarily concentrated in urban areas.The main way of poisoning was to mix poisons into drinking water(accounting for 28.3%),meals(26.1%),and dark or heavy seasoning(8.7%).There was no significant disparity in the gender distribution of suspects,although the number of male victims was notably higher than that of female victims.The suspects were predominantly between the ages of 19 and 45,while the victims were mostly between the ages of 46 and 60.Among the 103 cases that did not result in injury or death,99%occurred in rural areas,with more than 95%of the involved poisons included pungent pesticides or herbicides,while rodenticides accounted for the least(1.9%).Conclusion There are obvious urbanrural differences in the case occurrence areas and types of involved poisons in poisoning homicide cases.Therefore,it is imperative to focus on both urban and rural areas during the investigation and evidence collection process in suspected poisoning cases.
作者
吴婷
曾惠方
尚艳杰
聂昊
尹承龙
李鹤群
郭亚东
Wu Ting;Zeng Huifang;Shang Yanjie;Nie Hao;Yin Chenglong;Li Hequn;Guo Yadong(Institute of Criminal Science and Technology,Hunan Police Academy,Hunan Changsha 410138;Hunan Provincial Public Security Department,Hunan Changsha 410000;Institute of Forensic Science,Beijing 100038;Department of Forensic Science,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Central South University,Changsha 410013)
出处
《中国法医学杂志》
CSCD
2024年第5期616-621,共6页
Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine
基金
长沙市自然科学基金项目(kq2402107)
湖南警察学院重点项目(2022ZD05)。
关键词
法医学
投毒案件处置
特征分析
非正常死亡
Forensic medicine
Disposal of poisoning cases
Feature analysis
Abnormal death
