摘要
【目的】林下套种药用作物是柚木等珍贵树种长周期经营中提高前期收入的有效手段,相对露天栽培,林下环境尤其光照条件是影响药用植物生长发育的重要因素,研究光照条件对药用植物的生长及产量影响,可为确定适宜的光照环境进而优化柚木林下套种管理提供可行的技术参考。【方法】试验在海南尖峰岭进行,研究对象为柚木林下套种草豆蔻林分,选择高(80%)、中(60%)、低(40%)三种透光率林分观测其林内温度、湿度和10 cm地温变化等小气候参数,并测量草豆蔻高度和地径年生长量,同时于果期(8月)采集并统计每株草豆蔻结果数量及质量,分析不同透光强度下柚木林下小气候及草豆蔻生长、产量和品质差异。【结果】光照条件影响了林内小气候,林内气温和地温随季节变化,仅5月份高透光率的林内温度和10 cm地温高于中、低透光处理,而林内湿度则皆以低透光处理最高;草豆蔻的高度随透光率增加而下降,同时低透光率高度和地径都优于中、高透光处理;不同光照条件下草豆蔻单株结果数无显著差异,但单果质量差异显著,以低透光质量最高;过高和过低的光照都不利于草豆蔻有效活性物质积累,林下中度(60%)透光率生长的草豆蔻种子活性成分显著高于其他处理。【结论】柚木林药套种通过影响光照条件改变了林内小气候和草豆蔻生长及品质,60%透光率的林下套种环境能够培育出品质较高的草豆蔻。
【Objective】Intercropping medicinal crops under the trees is an effective way to increase early-stage income in the longterm management of precious tree species such as teak.Compared with open-air cultivation,the under-tree environment,especially the lighting conditions,is an important factor that affects the growth and development of medicinal plants.Studying the effects of lighting conditions on the growth and yield of medicinal plants can provide feasible technical references for determining the appropriate lighting environment and optimizing the intercropping management of teak.【Method】The experiment was conducted in Jianfengling,Hainan,and the research subject was the intercropped Alpinia katsumadai Hayata under teak trees.Three types of stands with different light transmittance rates(high:80%,medium:60%,and low:40%)were selected to observe microclimatic parameters such as temperature,humidity,and 10 cm soil temperature inside the stands.The annual growth of A.katsumadai Hayata in height and ground diameter was measured.Additionally,during the fruiting period(August),the number and mass of fruits from each plant were collected and counted.The differences in the microclimate,growth,yield,and quality of A.katsumadai Hayata under teak trees with different light intensities were analyzed.【Result】The lighting conditions had an impact on the microclimate within the forest.The air temperature and soil temperature varied with the seasons,and only in May,the temperature and 10 cm soil temperature in the stands with high light transmittance were higher than those with medium and low light transmittance.However,the humidity within the forest was the highest in the stands with low light transmittance.The height of A.katsumadai Hayata decreased as the light transmittance increases,and both the height and ground diameter were better in the stands with low light transmittance than in those with medium and high light transmittance.There was no significant difference in the number of fruits per plant of A.katsumad
作者
王先棒
韩强
林明平
李昆亮
潘栋康
赵威威
黄桂华
周树平
WANG Xianbang;HAN Qiang;LIN Mingping;LI Kunliang;PAN Dongkang;ZHAO Weiwei;HUANG Guihua;ZHOU Shuping(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,China;Yunfu Forestry Science and Technology Extension Center,Yunfu 527300,Guangdong,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期55-61,共7页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2021SY005)
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0601101)。
关键词
光照
草豆蔻
林下环境
品质
生长
light
Alpinia katsumadai Hayata
understory environment
quality
grow
