摘要
目的了解2019—2023年湖南省邵东市百日咳的流行特征,分析监测数据,为完善防治策略提供参考依据。方法对2019—2023年邵东市百日咳发病情况、流行病学特征、疫苗接种情况、疫苗保护效果等连续监测数据采用描述性分析,提出防治策略。结果邵东市2023年百日咳发病例数达到151例,病例以儿童为主,占总数的99.34%。1岁以内的病例占比33.78%,较2019—2022年有所下降;3~5岁和6~10岁病例占比分别为30.46%、29.14%,较2019—2022年上升;大多数年龄组接种率高于90%,1岁组第3剂基础免疫、2岁组及3岁组加强免疫接种率低于90%。结论2019—2023年邵东市的百日咳感染率有逐年升高的趋势,婴幼儿仍是发病的主体,免疫接种是最佳的保护途径,免疫规划的方案仍需进一步完善。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of pertussis in Shaodong City,Hunan Province in 2019-2023,to analyze the monitoring data,and to provide a reference basis for improving prevention and control strategies.I Methods The continuous monitoring data regarding pertussis incidence,epidemiological characteristics,vaccination status and vaccine protection effect in Shaodong City during 2019-2023 were analyzed with descriptive analysis,and the prevention and control strategies were proposed.Results The number of pertussis cases in Shaodong City in 2023 reached 151,and most of the cases were children,accounting for 99.34%of the total cases.The proportion of cases aged under 1 year old accounted for 30.46%,showing a decrease compared with those in 2019-2022.The proportions of cases aged 3-5 years and 6-12 years were 30.46%and 29.14%respectively,showing an increase compared with those in 2019-2022.The vaccination rates of most age groups were above 90%,but the vaccination rates of the third dose of basic immunization in the 1-year-old group and the booster immunization in the 2-year-old group and the 3-year-old group were all below 90%.Conclusion The infection rates of pertussis in Shaodong City during 2019-2023 showed an increasing trend year by year,and most of the cases were infants as well as young children.Immunization is the best way to protect,and the immunization program still needs to be further improved.
作者
申义斌
李婉颖
龙晓蕾
SHEN Yibin;LI Wanying;LONG Xiaolei(Shaodong Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaodong,Hunan 422800,China;Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Hunan Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine,Changsha,Hunan 410153,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2024年第8期941-944,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
百日咳
鲍特菌
疫苗接种
感染率
pertussis
Bordetella
vaccination
infection rate
