摘要
[目的]随着葡萄在温室中种植年份的延长,葡萄根部病危害逐年严重,因此研究其发生规律和有效防护措施十分迫切。[方法]本研究对河北省饶阳县温室葡萄根腐病发生情况进行系统调查研究,并筛选有效生防菌株。[结果]温室‘藤稔’葡萄发病率最高,发病率可达27.88%,A17葡萄发病率最低,仅为1.15%。‘巨峰’、‘维多利亚’和‘阳光玫瑰’较抗病,受害率均在5%以下。染病植株中分离得到的主要致病菌有2种,分别为茄腐镰孢菌(Fusarium solani)和层出镰刀菌(Fusarium proliferatum),其致病率分别为50%和62.5%。室内筛选出的芽孢杆菌RYT3-4a对2种镰刀菌均有显著抑制作用,抑制率达74.09%和75.72%。室外盆栽葡萄苗根腐病防治试验表明:RYT3-4a预防效果最好,防效达87.59%、生防菌治疗效果达到84.48%、化学药剂恶霉灵治疗效果为68.99%。并且RYT3-4a对葡萄株高增长量、地径增长量和须根增长量有明显的促进作用。[结论]对饶阳县不同葡萄品种调查显示,‘藤稔’发病率最高,达到27.88%;‘A17’发病率最低,仅为1.15%。芽孢杆菌RYT3-4a能够显著降低葡萄根腐病的发生,具有良好的推广前景。
[Objective]As the number of years of grape cultivation in greenhouses increases,root diseases have become increasingly severe.Therefore,it is urgent to study the occurrence patterns and effective protective measures for these diseases.[Methods]In the study,the grape root rot disease was systematically investigated in greenhouse in Raoyang County,Hebei Province,and the effective biocontrol strains were screened.[Results]The results showed that the grape variety ‘Fujiminori'had the highest disease incidence in greenhouse,with a rate of up to 27.88%,while the variety ‘A17' had the lowest,with an incidence of only 1.15%.The variety of ‘Kyoho',‘Victoria' and ‘Sunshine Rose' showed relatively strong disease resistance,with infection rates all below 5%.Two main pathogenic fungi were isolated from the infected plants:Fusarium solani and Fusarium proliferatum,with pathogenic rates of 50% and 62.5%,respectively.The Bacillus strain RYT3-4a,selected in laboratory screening,showed significant inhibitory effects on both types of fungi,with inhibition rates of 74.09% and 75.72%,respectively.An outdoor pot experiment for grape seedling root rot control showed that strain RYT3-4a had the best prevention effect,with an efficacy rate of 87.59%.The biocontrol treatment achieved an 84.48 % efficacy rate,while the chemical agent hymexazol had a treatment efficacy of 68.99%.Additionally,RYT3-4a significantly promoted the growth of grape plant height,stem diameter,and fibrous root length.[Conclusion]The investigation of different grape varieties in Raoyang County revealed that ‘Fujiminori' had the highest disease incidence,reaching 27.88%,while ‘A17' had the lowest at only 1.15%.Bacillus strain RYT3-4a can significantly reduce the occurrence of grape root rot and shows promising prospects for widespread application.
作者
王旭楠
董文静
甄志先
Wang Xunan;Dong Wenjing;Zhen Zhixian(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Germplasm Resourc-es and Forest Protection of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第5期78-87,共10页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201307)。
关键词
葡萄根腐病
茄腐镰孢菌
层出镰刀菌
生物防治
Grape root rot
Fusarium solani
Fusarium proliferatum
biological control
