摘要
面向未来高速飞行器的热防护需求,为解决有机硅防热涂层在气动热条件下易粉化剥蚀的问题,开展了多元嵌段有机硅防热涂层制备及性能研究。基于树脂分子结构创新的思路,设计并合成了具有嵌段结构的有机硅树脂,制备出了适用于高热流环境的有机硅防热涂层,并采用FT-IR、TG、SEM-EDS、电弧风洞试验等微观和宏观手段分别对树脂基体和涂层材料进行了表征分析;此外,通过对多元嵌段有机硅涂层高温下的烧蚀产物研究,分析了高温下涂层材料微结构演化规律。结果表明,目标产物多元嵌段有机硅树脂纯度较高、热稳定性较好,在1000℃氮气环境下的质量保留率为55.97%;以此为基体的防热涂层具有优异的综合性能,密度、伸长率、热导率三项关键指标分别为0.70~0.72 g/cm^(3)、16%~25%、0.05~0.06 W/(m·K)(20℃);在最高1044℃、310 s的风洞烧蚀条件下,涂层表面陶瓷化效果显著,无烧蚀后退,验证了由表及里分别为瓷化层、热解层、原始层的有机硅防热涂层烧蚀模型。
Aiming at thermal protection requirements for future high-speed aerocraft,in order to solve the problem of pulverization and denudation of silicone thermal protection coating under aero-thermal condition,the preparation and properties of multi-component block silicone thermal protection coating were investigated.Based on innovative ideas for resin molecular structure,silicone resin with block structure was designed and synthesized,and silicone thermal protection coating suitable for high heat flux environment was prepared.The resin matrix and coating materials were characterized by FT-IR,TG,SEM-EDS and arc wind tunnel test.In addition,the microstructure evolution of the coating material at high temperature was analyzed by studying ablation products of the multi-block silicone coating at high temperature.The results show that the target product multi-block silicone resin has high purity and good thermal stability,and the mass retention rate is 55.97%at 1000°C in nitrogen environment.The heat-resistant coating using this substrate has excellent comprehensive properties,and the three key indexes of density,elongation and thermal conductivity are 0.70~0.72 g/cm^(3),16%~25%,0.05~0.06 W/(m·K)(20℃),respectively.Under the wind-tunnel condition with the highest temperature of 1044℃for 310 s,the coating surface reveals remarkable ceramic effect and the coating thickness is not decreased.The ablation model of silicone thermal protection coating with ceramic layer,pyrolytic layer and original layer from the surface to the inside was verified.
作者
葛仁奎
王国庆
朱小飞
王兆良
王程豪
施永伟
李琳
GE Renkui;WANG Guoqing;ZHU Xiaofei;WANG Zhaoliang;WANG Chenghao;SHI Yongwei;LI Lin(Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Power Technology,Huzhou 313000,China)
出处
《固体火箭技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期694-700,共7页
Journal of Solid Rocket Technology
关键词
多元嵌段
有机硅树脂
防热涂层
性能评价
烧蚀模型
multi-component block
silicone resin
thermal protection coating
performance evaluation
ablation model
