摘要
特殊冶金是物理外场或新型介质应用冶金过程衍生出的重要的冶金学科分支,是冶金学科最活跃的前沿领域之一,对突破传统冶金“双碳”技术瓶颈、强化冶金过程和提升冶金技术与装备水平具有特别重要的意义。本文系统阐述了特殊冶金的定义、原理、方法与分类,追溯了特殊冶金发展历史与演变过程,特别介绍我国在微波冶金、自蔓延冶金、超声波冶金、超重力冶金、真空与相对真空冶金、氯化冶金、富氧冶金(熔炼)、加压湿法冶金和电渣冶金等特殊冶金领域取得的进展与突破,凝练了特殊冶金未来发展所面临的科学问题,展望了特殊冶金的未来应用场景和未来发展方向。
Special metallurgy,a significant branch of the metallurgical discipline,is derived from the application of physical external field or new medium in metallurgical process.It represents one of the most dynamic frontier areas in metallurgy and holds particular importance for overcoming the traditional“dual carbon”technology bottleneck in metallurgy,strengthening metallurgical processes,and enhancing the level of metallurgical technology and equipment.In this paper,the definition,principle,method and classification of special metallurgy were systematically explored.The development history and evolution process of special metallurgy were traced.The progress and breakthrough made by China in special metallurgy fields such as microwave metallurgy,self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS),ultrasonic metallurgy,hypergravity metallurgy,vacuum and relative vacuum metallurgy,chlorination metallurgy,oxygen-enriched metallurgy(smelting),pressure hydrometallurgy and electroslag metallurgy were especially introduced.The scientific challenges faced by the future development of special metallurgy were summarized,and the potential future application scenarios and development prospects were discussed.
作者
张廷安
王龙
李鸿乂
豆志河
刘燕
ZHANG Ting′an;WANG Long;LI Hongyi;DOU Zhihe;LIU Yan(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Key Laboratory for Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral,Ministry of Education,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Aluminum Southeast Material Institute Technology Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou 350015,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;National Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《有色金属（冶炼部分）》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第11期208-224,共17页
Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(52304364)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52174333)
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB410002702,2022YFB3504502)。
关键词
特殊冶金
外场冶金
新型介质体系
发展趋势
special metallurgy
outfield metallurgy
novel medium system in extraction metallurgy
development trend
