摘要
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),a contagious illness arising from the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),presents significant threats to human health and societal progress.Based on genotypic differences,HIV can be divided into two main subtypes,HIV-1 and HIV-2,of which HIV-1 is the dominant global variant characterized by its heightened transmissibility and pathogenicity.Statistics from 2022 indicate that approximately 39 million people are living with HIV globally,with 1.3 million new cases reported that year.Although combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)has demonstrated significant effectiveness in combating HIV infection,hurdles such as the emergence of multidrug-resistant HIV strains,potential long-term side effects,limited accessibility in economically underprivileged areas,and obstacles to treatment adherence hinder its widespread implementation.1 This necessitates the development of innovative medications with diverse resistance profiles and new therapeutic targets.The multifunctional HIV-1 capsid protein(CA)has emerged as a highly promising target in HIV-1 medication research.Mature CA has a fullerene-shaped structure,consisting of 250 hexamers and 12 pentamers,which is crucial for viral infectivity.Additionally,CA plays essential roles in multiple events during viral replication,including reverse transcription,nuclear entry,integration site distribution,assembly,and maturation.2 Therefore,CA-targeting small molecules can provide antiviral efficacy in both the early and late stages of the viral life cycle.
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.82173677)
the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(no.2023YFC2606500)
the Shandong Laboratory Program(No.SYS202205)。
