摘要
行为公共政策的兴起使公共政策研究逐渐转向对个体行为决策的微观解释及有效干预,然而当前研究多局限于“助推”,一定程度上忽视了行为公共政策工具丛的拓展及其策略与效应的差异。论文基于政策工具的干预对象与干预核心,创新性地构建了需求行为型、需求能力型和供给行为型的行为公共政策工具类型学分析框架,并从三个主维度和六个子维度分别对四类行为公共政策工具,即助推、强推、助力和督推进行了系统深描与比较分析。研究表明,尽管行为公共政策工具均瞄准传统工具难以应对的“个体失灵”与“行为偏差”问题,但其干预策略不尽相同。政策制定者应在系统分析政策情境与实践场域的前提下,合理选择政策工具及其组合,以提高政策执行成效。
The rise of behavioral public policy gradually led to research into the microscopic explanation of individual behavioral decision-making and effective intervention.However,the current research is mostly limited to"nudging".This ignores the expansion of the behavioral policy tool series and the differences in its strategies and effects.Based on the intervention object and intervention core of policy tools,this paper constructs a typological analytical framework for behavioral policy instruments such as"demand-behavioral,""demand-capacity,"and"supply-behavioral."It also provides a systematic,in-depth description and comparative analysis of the four types of behavioral policy tools—Nudge,Shove,Boost,and Budge—from three main dimensions and six sub-dimensions.Although these behavioral policy tools target the problems of"individual failure"and"behavioral bias"that are difficult to solve using traditional tools,their intervention strategies are different.Prior to choosing policy tools and their combinations,policymakers should systematically analyze the policy context and practice areas to improve the effectiveness of policy implementation.
作者
满小欧
张雨
Xiaoou Man;Yu Zhang
出处
《公共行政评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第5期179-195,200,共18页
Journal of Public Administration
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“人口负增长背景下中国内生性低生育问题的长效治理机制研究”(23BGL261)。
关键词
行为公共政策
政策工具
类型学
比较分析
Behavioral Public Policy
Policy Instruments
Typology
Comparative Analysis
