摘要
H.11648因高产的优点成为我国目前主要的剑麻栽培品种,但极易受到烟草疫霉(Phytophthora nicotianae)的侵染,生产上防治剑麻斑马纹病主要以农业防治措施为主,抗病育种和化学药剂防治相结合的综合防治策略。但农业防治费时费力,长期化学防治可能会使植物产生抗药性,甚至污染环境,抗病育种难度大且周期长,因此开辟新的防治方法非常重要。为防治剑麻斑马纹病,本研究以烟草疫霉为病原靶标菌,成功分离到1株拮抗细菌PaHNHK01,根据形态学、生理生化特征及分子生物学鉴定确定PaHNHK01为假单胞菌属的铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)。对该菌株的抑菌活性和离体叶片防效进行测定,研究结果表明,该菌株具有解有机磷能力、解无机磷能力、固氮能力和产铁能力等,对烟草疫霉菌的抑制率为89.79%。该菌能够有效抑制烟草疫霉菌的菌丝生长,使病原菌出现产孢能力下降、菌丝膨大畸形、分支增多的现象;在离体叶片防效试验中PaHNHK01对剑麻斑马纹病的防治效果达到88.62%。该菌株的无菌发酵液对病原菌有明显的抑菌效果,其EC50值为20.3679μL/mL,当PaHNHK01粗提物浓度为80μg/mL时,其抑菌率达89.36%,PaHNHK01粗提物的EC50值为11.9456μg/mL。此外,菌株PaHNHK01对12种不同植物病原菌均有拮抗效果,表明菌株PaHNHK01具有良好的生防潜力,有望开发成为生防产品,为植物病害生物防治提供一定的研究基础。
Sisal hybrid variety of H.11648 is the main cultivated commercial variety in China.Despite of its ability to produce high fibre yield per unit area,this variety is highly susceptible to diseases.Sisal zebra disease,caused by Phytophthora nicotianae is among the diseases of economic importance affecting the variety.Several control measures like the adoption of good agricultural practices,the use of disease resistant variety and the use of chemical control are suggested in sisal zebra disease control.However,none of them seem to be sustainable due to the existing agricultural practices.Most of the existing measures are not only time-consuming but also costly due to labor intensification and high cost of purchasing agricultural chemicals which on another hand can pollute the environment and create resistance to the plants.Developing resistance variety will obviously take long time due to the long life cycle of sisal.It is very important to develop sustainable disease control methods which are environmental friendly to adopt the climate change agenda.The use of microorganisms to control the diseases is of great importance.In this study,an antagonistic strain PaHNHK01 was successfully isolated by using Phytophthora nicotianae as the target pathogen.PaHNHK01 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and gene sequence analysis.The antibacterial activity and control effect of PaHNHK01 were measured under in vitro condition.The results showed that,PaHNHK01 had the ability of organophosphorus and inorganic phosphorus,nitrogen fixation and iron production.Additionally,PAHNHK01 had the inhibition rate of 89.79%against P.nicotianae.The fungus effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of P.nicotianae,and the antagonistic pathogens showed decreased sporulation ability,mycelial enlargement deformity and increased branching.The control effect of PaHNHK01 on sisal zebra disease in vitro was 88.62%.PaHNHK01 aseptic fermentation liquid had obvious bacteriostatic eff
作者
李慧
郑肖兰
侯会霞
吴伟怀
谭施北
罗磊
吴昊
易克贤
LI Hui;ZHENG Xiaolan;HOU Huixia;WU Weihuai;TAN Shibei;LUO Lei;WU Hao;YI Kexian(School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Institute of Environment and Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Academician Team Innovation Center/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control/Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Tropical Crop Pests,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Sanya Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Sanya,Hainan 572025,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期2171-2182,共12页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家麻类产业技术体系“剑麻生理与栽培岗位”项目(No.CARS16-E16)
海南省重点研发计划项目(No.ZDYF2024SHFZ043)
海南省科技人才创新项目(No.KJRC2023B18)。
关键词
剑麻斑马纹病
烟草疫霉
铜绿假单胞菌
生物防治
sisal zebra disease
Phytophthora nicotianae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
biological control
