摘要
核污染是当前威胁生态环境和公共健康的主要安全问题,为保障核污染废物的回收安全性和经济性,基于辐射风险模型,研究了一类回收系统的多目标优化建模与求解方法,以协同解决核污染废物的多类设施选址和运输路线选择决策。以总风险和总成本最小化为目标,建立0-1混合整数线性规划模型,通过设计“多目标优化-选址优化-选线优化”的三阶段求解步骤,利用多个算例验证模型和算法的有效性。结果显示:新模型和算法能够提供有效的选址-选线优化方案;相较于传统风险模型,新辐射风险模型可求得总成本更低的优化方案;新算法可缩短56.02%的求解时间,使优化方案的最优值平均差异率降低2.87百分点,且在求解不同规模优化问题时,保有较强的稳定性。
Nuclear pollution poses a significant threat to both the ecological environment and public health.In order to guarantee the safety and economic viability of nuclear waste recycling,we propose a multi-objective optimization approach for the nuclear waste recycling system.This approach is based on radiation risk analysis and assessment models,with the aim of addressing both the location and routing challenges associated with nuclear waste recycling.Taking into account the environmental transmission characteristics of radioactive materials and radiation effects,as well as the potential risk to the public,we have designed a radiation risk assessment model based on the Gaussian plume model.This model is utilized to evaluate the extent and severity of harmful radiation effects.To minimize overall risk and cost,we have developed a 0-1 mixed integer linear programming model.Based on the computational complexity of the proposed bi-objective model,we have designed a three-stage solution procedure known as "multi-objective transformation-location-routing." In the first stage,the dual-target model is transformed into a single-target model,taking into account the Not in My Back Yard(NIMBY) effect.The second stage involves employing the minimum envelope clustering method to address the location problem.In the third stage,the genetic algorithm is utilized to solve the routing problem.Finally,we validate the effectiveness of the new radiation risk assessment model and algorithm by comparing results with different risk assessment models and solution methods.Examples across various computational scales are provided to verify the stability of the new algorithmic solutions.The calculation results demonstrate that the new model and algorithm effectively provide optimal location and routing plans.Compared to traditional risk assessment models,the new radiation risk assessment model achieves an optimal plan with lower transportation costs.The algorithm reduces solution time by 56.02% and decreases the average difference rate of the opt
作者
赵佳虹
柯紫琪
吴文俊
陈鸿
ZHAO Jiahong;KE Ziqi;WU Wenjun;CHEN Hong(School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期4014-4021,共8页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(61803091)
广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(2022A1515010192)。
关键词
公共安全
核污染物
回收
风险
选址
路径
多目标优化
public safety
nuclear pollutant
recovery
risk
site selection
route
multi-objective optimization
