摘要
【目的】弄清南疆核桃内生真菌多样性及群落结构特征,同时筛选出既对核桃腐烂病具有防治作用,又对核桃幼苗有促生作用的生防菌。【方法】运用多样性指数分析核桃内生真菌的种群分布特征及其多样性。采用平板对峙法筛选对核桃腐烂病菌具有拮抗作用的菌株,采用室内盆栽法研究生防菌株的促生作用,运用离体枝条接种法测定菌株对核桃腐烂病的防治效果。【结果】从不同组织共计分离出129株内生真菌,隶属于3门18属,其中镰刀菌属和链格孢菌属为优势种群。茎内生真菌的香农指数H'、均匀度指数E、丰富度指数M均最高,而枝条内生真菌各项指数均最低。茎与根内生真菌相似性系数最高,而茎与枝相似性系数最低。筛选出3株生防菌SF01、SF05、SF08,分别鉴定为Dactylonectria torresensis、Chaetomium globosum、Penicillium rubens。3个菌株中SF01对核桃腐烂病预防效果最好,而SF08治疗效果最好。相比对照,3个菌株对核桃幼苗的根长、株高、鲜质量、干质量、茎粗均有显著促进作用(p<0.05)。【结论】南疆核桃内生真菌多样性丰富,但分布不均衡,其分布特征具有组织特异性。筛选出了3株对核桃腐烂病具有很好防治效果且对核桃幼苗生长具有促进作用的生防菌,为核桃腐烂病生物防治以及培育壮苗提供了新的菌株材料。
【Objective】The present experiment was carried out in order to understand the endophytic fungi population diversity and community structure of walnut trees,and investigate the differences in endophytic fungal communities among different tissues(limb-barks,roots and branches)of walnut in southern Xinjiang.At the same time,another objective was also to screen out the biocontrol fungi that can not only prevent and control walnut canker disease,but also promote the growth of walnut seedlings.【Methods】The endophytic fungi were isolated from different tissues of walnut by conventional tissue separation method.The endophytic fungi were classified and identified by morphological and molecular biology techniques.The population distribution and diversity of endophytic fungi in walnut were analyzed according to Shannon-Weiner diversity index(H'),Pielou's evenness index(E),Margalef's index(M),separation rate,separation frequency and Srenson's similarity coefficients(Cs).The plate confrontation method was used to screen the antagonistic strains of walnut canker disease,the indoor pot method was used to study the growth promotion of the strains,and the control effect of the biocontrol fungus on walnut canker disease was determined by the inoculation test of isolated branches.【Results】A total of 129 endophytic fungi were isolated from 210 tissues of ten 50-year-old walnut trees,of which 58 were isolated from limb-barks,42 from roots and 29 from branches,with a total isolation rate of 61.40%.The 129 endophytic fungi belonged to three phyla and 18 genera,among which ascomycetes were the largest with 122 strains,accounting for 94.57%of the total number of fungi,five were zygomycetes,accounting for 3.88%,and two were basidiomycetes,accounting for 1.55%.The 18genera of fungi were Fusarium,Alternaria,Nectria,Chaetomium,Phaeosphaeria,Leptosphaeria,Dactylonectria,Mortierella,Penicillium,Sarocladium,Talaromyces,Corynespora,Aspergillus,Acremonium,Rosellinia,Phoma Dothiorella and Ceratobasidium,among which Fusarium and Alternar
作者
玛丽艳姑丽·吐尔迪
石凌旭
康启航
亚库提汗·米尔扎
杨泽宇
袁昊
陈小飞
Maliyanguli·Tuerdi;SHI Lingxu;KANG Qihang;Yakutikhan·Mirza;YANG Zeyu;YUAN Hao;CHEN Xiaofei(College of Agriculture,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期2079-2090,共12页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家科技成果推广项目([2019]55)
国家自然科学基金项目(31560007)。
关键词
核桃腐烂病
内生真菌
多样性
生防菌
Walnut canker disease
Endophytic fungi
Diversity
Biocontrol fungi
