摘要
恶性肿瘤是当今威胁人类健康的疑难病症之一。目前临床多数抗肿瘤药物对肿瘤细胞靶向性不强,杀灭肿瘤细胞的同时可对正常细胞造成严重损伤,一定程度上损伤机体重要器官,长期用药会降低肿瘤细胞的敏感性。传统中医药辨证、辨病、辨体论治的特点及中药多成分、多靶点的特性在肿瘤的治疗中的优势逐渐凸显,中药与抗肿瘤药物联用在增强抗肿瘤药效的同时,还能降低化疗药物的副作用,近年来逐渐成为研究热点。现代药理研究表明人参具有较强的抗肿瘤作用,其主要抗肿瘤活性成分包括:人参皂苷中的Rh2、Rg3、Rh1、CK和人参多糖,能有效抑制肺癌、黑色素瘤、肝癌、乳腺癌、恶性胶质瘤、胃癌等,其中抗肿瘤机制包括:促进肿瘤细胞内源性和外源性凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞增殖迁移、抑制肿瘤上皮间质转化、抑制肿瘤细胞血管新生、诱导肿瘤细胞内质网应激、抑制肿瘤细胞多药耐药性、提高机体免疫力等。本文综述了人参有效成分及代谢产物的抗肿瘤机制,提出加强人参抗肿瘤的动物及细胞研究、抗肿瘤现代药理机制研究、与化疗药物联合抗肿瘤以降低肿瘤耐药性及提高人参中有效成分的转化及生物利用度四点思考,以期为人参在临床抗肿瘤应用和人参抗肿瘤成分的开发提供参考。
Malignant tumors are one of the difficult diseases that threaten human health.At present,most of the clinical antitumor drugs do not have strong tumor cell targeting,killing tumor cells at the same time as causing serious damage to normal cells,damage to the body’s vital organs to a certain extent,and long-term use of drugs will also reduce the sensitivity of tumor cells.The characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in dialectic,disease differentiation and body constitution identification,as well as the multi-component and multi-target properties of TCM,have gradually highlighted its advantages in the treatment of tumors.The combination of TCM could enhance the efficacy of antitumor drugs and reduce the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs,which has gradually become a research hotspot in recent years.Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma has strong anti-tumor effects,its anti-tumor active ingredients mainly include Ginsenoside Rh2,ginsenoside Rg3,ginsenoside Rh1,ginsenoside CK and ginsenosides,it effectively inhibit lung cancer,melanoma,hepatocellular carcinoma,breast cancer,malignant glioma and gastric cancer,in which the anti-tumor mechanism includes promoting endogenous and exogenous apoptosis of tumor cells,inhibiting value-added migration of tumor cells,inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumors,inhibiting vascular neovascularization of tumor cells,inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in tumor cells,inhibiting multi-dominant drug resistance of tumor cells,and improving the immunity of the organism.This paper reviewed the anti-tumor mechanism of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma active ingredients and metabolites,and proposes that enhances its anti-tumor research in animals,research on modern pharmacological mechanism of anti-tumor,combination with chemotherapeutic drugs for anti-tumor to reduce tumor resistance and improves the conversion and bioavailability of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma’s active ingredients,with the destination of providing referen
作者
任泽众
师超
郭宇姝
REN Zezhong;SHI Chao;GUO Yushu(Pharmacy Department of the Medical Supplies Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army(PLA)General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China)
出处
《环球中医药》
CAS
2024年第9期1897-1906,共10页
Global Traditional Chinese Medicine
关键词
人参
抗肿瘤
分子机制
人参皂苷RH2
人参皂苷RG3
人参皂苷RH1
人参多糖
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma
antitumor
molecular mechanism
ginsenoside Rh2
ginsenoside Rg3
ginsenoside Rh1
ginsenoside polysaccharides
