摘要
为明晰玉米大豆间作系统对不同带距和水肥供给条件的响应特征及其效应,在宁夏引黄灌区选取玉米-大豆2∶4间作种植模式,研究带距(A)、灌溉定额(W)、施肥量(F)对玉米、大豆及间作系统的生理指标、净同化率、叶面积指数和产量的影响,为玉米大豆带状复合种植技术推广应用提供技术支持。结果显示:A对玉米生理指标的影响主要在拔节期和灌浆期(贡献率分别为75.6%~83.7%、52.4%~81.3%),W在抽穗期(贡献率为91.4%~92.5%);A对大豆生理指标的影响主要在开花期(贡献率为97.9%~99.3%),W在结荚期(贡献率为70%)。T6(A2W3F1)处理有利于玉米净同化率(NAR)和叶面积指数(LAI)升高,在试验的高水高肥对大豆LAI呈负相关。三因素对系统产量和经济效益影响显著,排序为W>A>F;A和W的3个水平对玉米产量和系统产量均有显著影响,且A2>A3>A1,W3>W2>W1,F水平对大豆产量影响不显著;各因素水平对系统经济效益贡献率为A2>A3>A1、W3>W2>W1和F1>F3>F2,A2的效益比A1高25.2%、W3比W1高32.3%、F1比F2高11.2%。
This study investigates the intricate interactions between strip spacings,water-fertilizer treatments,and the ensuing impact on the physiological attributes and productivity of maize and soybean intercropping systems.Implementing a 2∶4 maize-soybean planting configuration within the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation zone,the research scrutinizes the effects of strip spacing(A),irrigation allocation(W),and fertilization intensity(F)on the physiological dynamics,net assimilation rate,leaf area index,and yield metrics of both crops and their integrated systems.It aims to provide comprehensive technical insights for the widespread application of strip intercropping strategies in maize and soybean agroecosystems.Findings reveal nuanced influences,notably the dominant effects of A during critical growth stages of maize(contributing rates of 75.6%to 83.7%during jointing and 52.4%to 81.3%during grain filling)and W primarily impacting the tasseling stage(contributing rates of 91.4%to 92.5%).Moreover,A significantly shapes soybean physiological indices during flowering(contributing rates of 97.9%to 99.3%),while W predominantly impacts pod setting(contributing rate of 70%).Treatment T6(A2W3F1),characterized by heightened irrigation and reduced fertilizer application,augments maize net assimilation rate(NAR)and leaf area index(LAI)but exhibits an inverse relationship with soybean LAI.The tripartite factors significantly influence both system yield and economic benefits,ranking in order of W>A>F.Notably,all levels of A and W significantly affect maize yield and system productivity,particularly A2>A3>A1 and W3>W2>W1,while the F level shows negligible impact on soybean yield.Contribution analyses underscore A2>A3>A1,W3>W2>W1,and F1>F3>F2 in terms of system economic benefits.Specifically,A2 presents a 25.2%higher benefit compared to A1,W3 demonstrates a 32.3%higher benefit than W1,and F1 exhibits an 11.2%higher benefit over F2.
作者
汤英
徐利岗
何新林
李金娟
李金泽
TANG Ying;XU Li-gang;HE Xin-lin;LI Jin-juan;LI Jin-ze(Ningxia Institute of Water Conservancy Science,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia Province,China;Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia Province,China;Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China;Guhai Water Management of irrigation Station,Zhongning755100,Ningxia Province,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2024年第10期240-247,252,共9页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
宁夏自然科学重点基金项目(2023AAC02078)
宁夏重点研发计划项目(2023BCF01017)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1900804)联合资助。
关键词
带距
水肥耦合
玉米大豆间作系统
光合特性
产量
strip spacing
water-fertilizer coupling
maize-soybean intercropping system
photosynthetic characteristics
yield
