摘要
气学工夫论展现出与理学、心学工夫论不同的理论特质。罗钦顺在坚持“理只是气之理”的前提下,批判性吸收理学工夫论,通过开启工夫论三大主题——在心上做工夫、在性上做工夫以及将形体视为限制性因素,揭开了气学工夫论的序幕。王廷相高度警惕心、气的负面效应,无论是其工夫论主轴“以义理实其心”,还是作为补充的“以礼乐养其体”,均体现出鲜明的道德外铄倾向。吴廷翰对王廷相工夫论进行了修正,在同样警惕心、气的负面效应的基础上,重新拾起气的正面意义,主要表现为阴阳二气被赋予道德含义,以及“求中”构成做工夫的主体。从罗钦顺到王廷相再到吴廷翰,气学工夫论呈现为一个动态发展过程。三人的核心论点均紧扣气这一主题,其理论建构均围绕对气的诠释而展开,总体上展现出鲜明的气学特色。
Qinology Gongfu Theory presents different theoretical characteristics from Neo-Confucianism and Xinology Gongfu theory.Luo Qinshun,on the premise of insisting that“Li is only the principle of qi,”critically absorbed the theory of Gongfu of Neo-Confucianism,and opened the prelude of the theory of Gongfu of qi by opening the three themes of the theory of Gongfu:doing Gongfu in xin,doing Gongfu in xing and considering the body as the limiting factor.Wang Tingxiang was highly alert to the negative effects of xin and qi.Both the main themes of his theory,“strengthening xin with moral principles,”and the supplementary,“nourishing his body with ritual and music,”reflected his distinct tendency of moral well-being.Wu Tinghan revised Wang Tingxiang's theory of Gongfu,and on the basis of the same vigilance against the negative effects of xin and qi,he took up the positive meaning of qi again,mainly showing that yin and yang are given moral meaning,and“seeking the middle”is the main body of Gongfu.From Luo Qinshun to Wang Tingxiang and then to Wu Tinghan,the Gongfu theory of Qinology showed a dynamic development process.Their core arguments are closely related to the theme of qi,and their theoretical construction is carried out around the interpretation of qi,showing distinct characteristics of qi.
作者
周磊
Zhou Lei(Jao Tsung-I Institute of Culture Studies,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China)
出处
《复旦学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第5期115-124,共10页
Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）
基金
深圳大学高水平大学三期建设项目“习近平‘第二个结合’思想里中国哲学的意义与价值研究”及深圳大学人文社科振兴计划2023年度青年项目“明代气学在后世的发展与演变”的阶段性成果。
关键词
气学
心的工夫
性的工夫
求中工夫
时代环境
Qinology
doing Gongfu in xin
doing Gongfu in xing
Gongfu seeking the middle
environment of times
