摘要
背景 研究证实,超重或肥胖人群体质(体成分、心肺耐力、脂质代谢)与肥胖密切相关,并可能存在双向关联。最大脂肪氧化强度(FATmax)运动作为一种新型运动干预手段,可有效促进体质改善,但改善效果的量化关系需要进一步探讨。目的 系统评价FATmax运动对超重或肥胖人群体质相关指标的干预效果。方法 检索Pubm Med、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台,检索FATmax运动对超重或肥胖患者身体成分、心肺耐力、脂质代谢相关指标干预效果的随机对照试验,检索时间为2001年1月—2024年1月。基于Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具评估纳入文献的质量,Meta分析由Rev Man 5.4软件完成。结果 共纳入16项随机对照试验,包含568例超重或肥胖患者。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,FATmax运动干预组身体成分[BMI:WMD=-1.82,P<0.01;体脂百分比(BFR):WMD=-2.86,P<0.01;腰臀比(WHR):WMD=-0.04,P<0.01]、心肺耐力[最大摄氧量(VO2_(max)):WMD=3.34,P<0.01],除总胆固醇(TC)外脂质代谢状况[三酰甘油(TG):WMD=-0.24,P<0.05;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C):WMD=0.14,P<0.05;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C):WMD=-0.27,P<0.05]显著改善。经亚组分析得出最佳干预方案为:干预周期≥12周,3~5次/周的训练,60 min/次的跑步,以优化身体成分;而提升VO2_(max)的最佳方案为5次/周、<60 min/次的组合运动。在脂质代谢方面,对TG的改善最佳方案为3次/周、60 min/次的跑步;对HDL-C的最佳改善方案为4次/周、60 min/次的组合运动;对LDL-C则是4次/周、>60 min/次的组合运动。结论 FATmax运动可显著改善超重或肥胖患者BMI、BFR、WHR、VO2_(max)、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C结局指标,但对TC并无改善作用。
Background Research has linked the physical constitution of overweight/obese individuals to obesity,with a potential bidirectional association.Although FATmax exercise can boost their fitness,the exact magnitude of this benefit needs further study.Objective Systematic evaluation is needed to assess the impact of FATmax exercise on physical fitness indicators among overweight or obese populations.Methods Retrieve RCTs from PubMed,Web of Science,EBSCO,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data(January 2001 to January 2024)on FATmax exercise effects on body composition,cardiovascular endurance,lipid metabolism in overweight/obese patients.Evaluate quality with Cochrane tool,Meta-analysis with RevMan 5.4.Results A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included,including 568 overweight or obese patients.The Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group,the FATmax exercise intervention group significantly improved body composition(BMI:WMD=-1.82,P<0.01;BFR:WMD=-2.86,P<0.01;WHR:WMD=-0.04,P<0.01),cardiovascular endurance(VO2_(max):WMD=3.34,P<0.01),and lipid metabolism except for TC(TG:WMD=-0.24,P<0.01;HDL-C:WMD=0.14,P<0.01;LDL-C:WMD=-0.27,P<0.01).Optimal results vary:≥12 weeks,3-5 times/week,60-minute running for body composition;≥12 weeks,5 times/week,<60 minutes combined for VO2_(max);≥12 weeks,3 times/week,60-minute running for TG;<12 weeks,4 times/week,60-minute combined for HDL-C;<12 weeks,4 times/week,>60-minute combined for LDL-C.Conclusion FATmax exercise benefits body composition,cardiovascular endurance,and lipid metabolism(except TC)in overweight/obese patients.
作者
卢冬磊
谭思洁
杨风英
LU Donglei;TAN Sijie;YANG Fengying(Tianjin University of Sport/Tianjin Key Lab for Sports,Health Integration&Promotion,Tianjin 301617,China;College of Sports Training,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China;College of Sports and Health,Shandong Sport University,Jinan 250102,Shandong China)
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
北大核心
2025年第3期335-345,共11页
Chinese General Practice
基金
山东省社会科学规划研究项目(22CTYJ14)。
关键词
最大脂肪氧化强度
超重
肥胖
身体成分
心肺耐力
血脂
Maximum fat oxidation intensity
Overweight
Obesity
Body composition
Cardiopulmonary endurance
Blood fat
