摘要
煤矿隐蔽致灾因素是指隐伏在煤层及其围岩内不易直接发现而开采过程中可能诱发矿山灾难的地质构造和不良地质体。甲烷和氡气是煤矿中常见的有害气体,其异常释放往往伴随着煤层的不良构造与瓦斯聚集等隐蔽灾害。本文以阳泉新元煤矿为工作区,首次基于微渗漏机制,优选了对隐蔽致灾地质因素敏感性强的甲烷、氡气两种地球化学指标,探讨土壤甲烷和氡气指标地球化学异常特征对煤矿隐蔽致灾因素的指示作用,通过动态监测(408个点位的土壤游离烃甲烷与氡气指标)和面积测量(416个点位的土壤游离烃甲烷、酸解烃甲烷指标以及651个点位的土壤氡气指标)的实测数据,获取了下伏含水破碎带、煤层气渗漏带、微构造裂隙带、陷落柱环绕带等致灾因素分布的地球化学响应特征;同时与广域电磁法开展联合勘探分析,完成煤矿构造类、瓦斯聚集类隐蔽致灾因素的验证识别,推测圈定出工作区潜在致灾因素的分布区段,验证了烃类微渗漏理论在煤矿隐蔽致灾因素勘探中的适用性与实用性,为甲烷、氡气地球化学指标在煤矿隐蔽致灾因素普查勘探中的广泛应用奠定了基础,对于提高煤矿安全生产具有重要意义。
Hidden disaster-causing factors in coal minesdenote the geological structures and unfavorable geobodies that are concealed in coal seams and surrounding rocks and may cause mine disasters during mining.Methane and radon are common harmful gases in coal mines,and their abnormal release is often accompanied by hidden disasters like unfavorable structures of coal seams and gas accumulation.With the Xinyuan coal mine in Yangquan City as the study area,this study selected two geochemical indices based on the microseepage mechanism:Methane and radon,which are highly sensitive to hidden disaster-causing geological factors.Building on the dynamic monitoring data of methane and radon in free hydrocarbons at 408 points,and the area survey data of methane in free and acid-hydrolyzed hydrocarbons at 416 points and soil radon at 651 points,this study obtained the geochemical characteristics reflecting the distributions of disaster-causing factors like the underlying water-bearing fracture zones,coal bed methane see page zones,microstructural fracture zones,and collapse column surround zones.Moreover,this study conducted joint exploration and analysis combined with the wide-field electromagnetic method,completing the verification and identification of hidden disaster-causing factors related to structures and gas accumulation in coal mines.Furthermore,it delineated the distribution sections of potential disaster-causing factors in the study area.This study demonstrates the applicability and practicability of the hydrocarbon microseepage theory in the exploration of hidden disaster-causing factors in coal mines.It also lays a foundation for the extensive application of methane-radon geochemical indices in the survey and exploration of hidden disaster-causing factors in coal mines,thus holding critical significance for enhancing the safety of coal mine production.
作者
贺会策
孙春岩
唐侥
张宗庆
冶北北
赵浩
王栋琳
HE Hui-Ce;SUN Chun-Yan;TANG Yao;ZHANG Zong-Qing;YE Bei-Bei;ZHAO Hao;Wang Dong-Lin(Sanya Institute of South China Sea Geology,Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,China Geological Survey,Sanya 572024,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resoures,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 511458,China;School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Changsha 410600,China;The Nuclear Industry 247 Brigade of Tianjin North China Geological Exploration Bureau,Tianjin 301800,China;Xi'an Center of Mineral Resources Survey,China Geological Survey,Xi'an 710100,China)
出处
《物探与化探》
CAS
2024年第5期1409-1423,共15页
Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0807800)
自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室开放基金课题(KLMMR-2018-A-05)。
关键词
煤矿隐蔽致灾因素
酸解烃
游离烃
土壤氡气
动态监测
山西阳泉新元煤矿
hidden disaster-causing factors in coal mines
acid-hydrolyzed hydrocarbon
free hydrocarbon
soil radon
dynamic monitoring
Xinyuan coal mine in Yangquan City,Shanxi Province
