摘要
[目的]生境质量是生态系统能够提供给物种生存繁衍所需条件的潜力,是提升生态系统功能的关键。研究长江流域的生境质量对长江经济带绿色发展和长江大保护等国家重大战略具有重要意义。[方法]以长江中下游地区1980—2018年土地利用数据为基础,利用InVEST模型研究了1980—2018年长江中下游地区的土地利用变化与生境质量、生境退化度的时空变化。[结果](1)林地作为研究区主要的土地利用类型且在不断减少,主要转向建设用地和水域。(2) 38年来研究区整体生境质量处于较高等级,生境质量指数平均值为0.628,但呈现下降趋势。空间上表现出东部、中部低,南部高的态势,这与研究区东部、中部大多以建设用地为主,南部以林地、草地为主的土地利用格局相吻合。(3)研究区生境退化度呈现中部区域高,周围较低的分布,生境退化度的变化在时间上呈现升高的趋势,空间上生境退化度发生变化的区域较集中,比如沿江城市群、城乡等人口聚集地的退化度变化剧烈,其余区域变化不明显。[结论]长江中下游地区的生境质量总体上正处于一个退化的过程,城市化的进程使得土地利用中林地、草地和耕地大量转向建设用地,导致生境质量的不断下降,尤其以沿江城市群的问题尤为突出,我们应当更加合理地开发建设用地,划定生态保护红线,逐渐恢复和提高长江中下游的生境质量,扎实推进长江生态环境保护修复,筑牢长江经济带生态安全底线。
[Objective] Habitat quality is the potential of ecosystems to provide the necessary conditions for species′ survival and reproduction,and is the key to improving ecosystem functions.Studying the habitat quality of the Yangtze River Basin is of great significance for national major strategies such as green development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the protection of the Yangtze River.[Methods] Based on land use data from 1980 to 2018 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the InVEST model was used to study the spatiotemporal changes in land use change,habitat quality,and habitat degradation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1980 to 2018.[Results](1) As the main type of land use in the study area,woodland was decreasing,mainly turning to construction land and water area,which greatly reflected the driving effect of population growth,economic development and environmental protection on the change of land use structure.(2) The overall habitat quality of the study area was at a high level,showing a trend of low in the east and middle,and high in the south,which was consistent with the land use pattern that most of the cities along the Yangtze River in the east and middle of the study area were dominated by construction land,and the south was dominated by woodland and grassland.(3) In the study area,the degree of habitat degradation was higher in the central area and lower in the surrounding area.The change of the degree of habitat degradation showed an upward trend in time,and the areas where the degree of habitat degradation changes were more concentrated in space,such as the urban agglomeration along the river,urban and rural areas and other population agglomerations.[Conclusion] The habitat evolution in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is in a process of degradation.The process of urbanization makes a large number of woodland,grassland and cultivated land in land use turn to construction land,which leads to the continuous decline of habitat quality,es
作者
徐云
高明坤
张增信
Xu Yun;Gao Mingkun;Zhang Zengxin(Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Biology and the Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期355-364,共10页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
中国长江电力股份有限公司委托项目(Z242302054)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX24_0355)
国家自然科学基金项目(41971025)。
关键词
土地利用
InVEST模型
生境质量
生境退化度
长江中下游地区
the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
land use change
InVEST model
habitat quality
habitat degradation
