摘要
为探究近20 a来黄河下游水沙新情势,基于花园口站1997—2020年实测资料,并对比同时段潼关站水沙数据,从趋势性、变异性、周期性、年内分布及水沙搭配5个方面,系统分析黄河下游来水来沙年内年际波动特征。结果表明,两站水量呈显著增加趋势、沙量呈显著减少趋势;潼关站水、沙量分别在2018年、2004年突变,花园口站水、沙量分别在2017年、2001—2002年显著突变;潼关站水、沙量变化主周期分别为14、13 a,平均周期为9.5 a,花园口站水、沙量变化主周期分别为13、12 a,平均周期为8 a;基于上述分析,将研究时段划分为5个阶段,各阶段两站流量年内分布不均匀度相近,经历了减小-增大的交替过程,含沙量年内分布有所差别;潼关站来沙系数、水沙系数分别呈逐阶段减小、增大趋势,花园口站来沙系数先减小后回升,水沙系数前期较小,Ⅱ—Ⅳ阶段增大,第Ⅴ阶段减小。在天然水沙变化与人工水沙调控综合作用下,近期黄河下游水沙过程呈明显的阶段性变化特征,水沙搭配总体相对较优。
In order to explore the new regime of water and sediment in the Lower Yellow River in recent 20 years,based on the measured data from 1997 to 2020 at Huayuankou Station,and compared with the water and sediment data at Tongguan Station in the same period,the annual fluctuation characteristics of incoming water and sediment in the Lower Yellow River were systematically analyzed from five aspects of trend,variability,periodicity,annual distribution and water-sediment collocation.The results show that the overall trend of runoff and sediment load at the two stations from 1997 to 2020 is a notable increase and a significant decrease respectively.The amount of water and sediment in Tongguan mutates around 2018 and 2004 respectively.Meanwhile,the amount of water and sediment in Huayuankou mutates significantly in 2017 and 2001-2002 respectively.The main cycles of water and sediment at Tongguan Station are 14 and 13 years respectively,with an average cycle of about 9.5 years.The main cycles of water and sediment at Huayuankou Station,on the other hand,are 13 and 12 years respectively,with an average cycle of about 8 years.Based on the above analysis,the study period of 1997-2020 can be divided into five phases.The intra-annual distribution inhomogeneity of the flow at the two stations during the five phases is similar,both experienced an alternating process of decreasing-increasing,while the intra-annual distribution of the sediment concentration differs in the phases.At Tongguan Station,the incoming sediment coefficient ξ decreases while the water-sediment coefficient K increases with each stage.On the other hand,at Huayuankou Station,the incoming sediment coefficient ξ decreases in the first four stages and rebounds in the Ⅴ stage,while the water-sediment coefficient K remains small in the first two stages and increases from Ⅱ to Ⅳ stages before decreasing in the Ⅴ stage.Under the combined effect of the changes in the natural incoming water and sediment process and the artificial water and sediment regulation
作者
韩沙沙
孙苏雨
刘百川
窦宇航
赵连军
HAN Shasha;SUN Suyu;LIU Baichuan;DOU Yuhang;ZHAO Lianjun(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River Channel and Estuary Regulation,Ministry of Water Resources,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Defense,Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Henan Urban and Rural Planning and Design Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450044,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第10期28-32,37,共6页
Yellow River
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(52109086)
国家自然科学基金黄河水科学研究联合基金资助项目(U2243219)
黄河水利科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2022-03)。
关键词
水沙条件
趋势性
水沙搭配
游荡段
黄河下游
water and sediment regime
trend
water-sediment collocation
wandering river reach
Lower Yellow River
