摘要
中西太平洋鲣围网渔业是典型的过洋性渔业,资源、经济、社会等多方面因素会影响远洋渔业企业对入渔国的选择。以密克罗尼西亚联邦、巴布亚新几内亚、马绍尔群岛、瑙鲁、基里巴斯等5个中西太平洋入渔国为对象,在以往资源分布、入渔风险评价研究的基础上,利用层次分析法构建中西太平洋鲣围网渔业入渔指标体系。体系以远洋渔业企业入渔利益最大化为目标,包含资源状况、经济成本、入渔风险3个一级指标及8个二级指标。根据中西太平洋渔业委员会统计数据及远洋渔业企业调研资料,以2017—2021年入渔各沿海国的入渔效益为例对本研究所构建的指标体系进行验证,验证前对数据进行标准化,以消除量纲差异对结果的影响。结果显示,瑙鲁是入渔评分最高的国家,历年分值均在65分以上,且评分波动较小;其次为基里巴斯、密克罗尼西亚和巴布亚新几内亚,3者评分略低于瑙鲁,且稳定性相对较差。马绍尔群岛入渔评分最低,历年均在65分以下。各一级指标权重由高到低依次为资源状况(0.479)、经济成本(0.372)、入渔风险(0.149);各二级指标权重由高到低依次为资源丰度(0.265)、作业天单价(0.171)、寻鱼时间(0.151)、适宜栖息地面积比(0.148)、社会稳定性(0.078)、国家外交关系(0.071)、高经济价值种类占比(0.066)、转场时间(0.050)。研究结果为我国远洋渔业企业进行入渔决策提供了参考。
The skipjack tuna purse seine fishery in the West and Central Pacific Ocean is a typical kind of distant water fishery.The selection of host states decided by pelagic fisheries companies is influenced by various aspects such as resources factors,economic factors and social factors.To enhance economic performance of pelagic fisheries companies,taking the 5 host states of Micronesia,Papua New Guinea,Marshall Islands,Nauru and Kiribati as subjects,and based on previous studies about resources distribution and fisheries risks,an indicator system for host state selection in skipjack tuna purse seine fishery was built under Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).Aiming at maximizing the profit,the system consisted of 3 first-level indicators which were resources situation,economic costs and fishery risk as well as 8 second-level indicators.Based on statistical data from Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission(WCPFC)and survey data from pelagic fisheries companies from 2017 to 2020,taking the entry-fishing effectiveness of 5 entry-fishing countries as an example to verify the indicator system.Results showed that Nauru was the most suitable entry-fishing country with stable scores over 65 among 5 years,while Marshall Islands was the worst with scores lower than 65.By the way,the scores of Micronesia,Papua New Guinea and Kiribati were unstable and slightly lower than that of Nauru.Among the two-level indicators,resource situation played a vital role and the economic costs was in the next place,while fisheries risks had the most minimal impact.The weights of first-level indictors in descending order were resource situation(0.479),economic costs(0.372),fishery risks(0.149).The weights of second-level indictors in descending order were resource abundance(0.265),vessel day access fee(0.171),time for searching(0.151),percent of suitable habitat(0.148),social stability(0.078),foreign relations of the state(0.071),percent of species with high commercial value(0.066)and time for transferring(0.050).Our study systematacially sum
作者
蒋明峰
陈新军
吕泽华
汪金涛
雷林
许子安
林泓羽
贺海平
贾海滨
JIANG Mingfeng;CHEN Xinjun;LÜZehua;WANG Jintao;LEI Lin;XU Zian;LIN Hongyu;HE Haiping;JIA Haibin(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Zhejiang Ocean Family Co.,Ltd.,Zhoushan 310009,China)
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期60-69,共10页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901404)
国家自然科学基金(NSFC41876141)
上海市科技创新行动计划(19DZ1207502)。
关键词
鲣
入渔
指标体系
中西太平洋
Katsuwonus pelamis
entry-fishing
indicator system
West and Central Pacific Ocean
