摘要
【目的】探究食用菌栽培后毛竹林地土壤养分和细菌群落特征的变化,为毛竹林下栽培食用菌的应用与发展提供依据。【方法】于2020年10月在余姚市林场毛竹林下进行食用菌仿野生栽培,设计4个处理:分别栽培竹荪、大球盖菇和羊肚菌及对照(传统经营毛竹林,林下未栽培食用菌)。于2021年7月采集出菇结束后的土壤,利用PCR扩增技术研究土壤细菌群落多样性。分析土壤养分状况与细菌群落α多样性之间的相关性,揭示土壤细菌群落的变化规律。【结果】1)与对照相比,毛竹林下栽培大球盖菇能够显著增加土壤养分(P<0.05),土壤有机碳、水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾、硝态氮和铵态氮含量分别增加13.70%、6.48%、380.00%、100.68%、33.75%和20.75%。2)与对照相比,在毛竹林下栽培羊肚菌能够显著缓解土壤酸化,并显著增加土壤有效磷、硝态氮含量(P<0.05),分别增加665.60%和250.31%。土壤细菌α多样性显著提高(P<0.05),土壤微生物的群落组成发生改变,土壤酸杆菌门相对丰度显著降低,而拟杆菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。3)竹荪处理对毛竹林土壤养分影响较小,属分类水平上细菌优势群落组成与对照相似,但细菌扩增特征序列来源最复杂。4)各处理土壤酸杆菌门和变形菌门为细菌优势门(P<0.05)。5)土壤有效磷和速效钾含量与土壤细菌群落相对丰度显著相关(P<0.05),酸杆菌门与土壤水解性氮、铵态氮和有机碳含量正相关,与土壤pH值负相关,土壤pH值、有效磷含量、硝态氮含量与Chao1、Shannon-Wiener和Simpson指数显著相关(P<0.01)。【结论】毛竹林下短期栽培大球盖菇使土壤养分提升的效果显著,栽培羊肚菌能够有效缓解土壤酸化,不同食用菌对土壤细菌群落影响差异大,在生产中可根据实地情况选择栽培。
【Objective】This study was conducted to investigate the changes in soil nutrient and bacterial community characteristics of Phyllostachys edulis forest soil after edible fungi cultivation,and to provide a basis for the sustainable development of edible fungi cultivation under P.edulis forests afterward.【Method】In October 2020,we started the imitating wild cultivation of edible fungi under the P.edulis forest in Yuyao Forestry Farm,and designed four treatments to cultivate three edible fungi,namely Dictyophora indusiata,Stropharia rugosoannulata,Morchella esculenta,and the control(traditionally operated moso bamboo forest,no edible fungi cultivated in the undergrowth),respectively.The soil after the growth of edible fungi was collected in July 2021,and soil bacterial community diversity was studied using PCR amplification technology.We analyzed the correlation between soil nutrient status and bacterial communityα-diversity and to reveal the changing pattern of soil bacterial community.【Result】1)Compared with control treatment,soil nutrients were most enhanced under S.rugosoannulata treatment,with soil organic carbon,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,nitrate nitrogen,and ammonium nitrogen contents,increasing by 13.70%,6.48%,380.00%,100.68%,33.75%,and 20.75%,significantly(P<0.05).2)Compared with control treatment,the cultivation of M.esculenta under P.edulis forest could better alleviate soil acidification and significantly increase the content of soil available phosphorus(P<0.05),and nitrate nitrogen by 665.60%and 250.31%,respectively.Theαdiversity of soil bacteria significantly increased,as well as change in the community composition of soil microorganisms in P.edulis woodland,significantly reduce the relative abundance of the phylum Acidobacteria and increase the relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes(P<0.05)after the cultivation of M.esculenta.3)The D.indusiata treatment had less effect on soil nutrients in P.edulis forests,and the composition of the dominant bacter
作者
叶子豪
罗国安
王增
姚任图
陆尤尤
吴家森
许在恩
Ye Zihao;Luo Guoan;Wang Zeng;Yao Rentu;Lu Youyou;Wu Jiasen;Xu Zaien(School of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300;Forestry Service Centre in Yuyao City,Ningbo 315400;Zhejiang Public Welfare Forest and State Forest Farm Management Station,Hangzhou 310020;Jiande Forestry Bureau,Hangzhou 311600)
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期143-151,共9页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
浙江省科技厅重点研发项目(2019C03121)
浙江省公益林和国有林场管理总站项目(GYLZ-202103)。
关键词
林下经济
土壤养分
细菌群落
竹荪
大球盖菇
羊肚菌
non-timber forest-based economy
soil nutrient
bacterial community
Dictyophora indusiata
Stropharia rugosoannulata
Morchella esculenta
