摘要
[目的]本文旨在研究稻茬地秸秆-土壤-带状立式旋耕系统的相互作用机理,探究三者交互作用下关键作业参数对种床清秸与平整效果的影响,为秸秆田间综合管理和水旱轮作系统耕作机械优化设计提供依据。[方法]基于离散元法构建三维立旋仿真模型;模拟水稻秸秆覆盖条件下条带立旋还田作业过程,优化参数范围并进行室内土槽试验验证。以条带立旋作业过程中的前进速度、刀轴转速、秸秆长度为影响因素,以种床清秸率和种床耕后平整度为指标,采用响应面法构建数学模型,分析各因素对种床质量的影响并进行性能优化试验。[结果]在设定耕作深度为15 cm时,影响种床清秸率和种床耕后平整度的主次顺序为前进速度、刀轴转速、秸秆长度。多因素正交试验优化结果表明:机具前进速度1.09 m·s^(-1)、刀轴转速281.5 r·min^(-1)、秸秆长度6.89 cm时种床质量最优,种床清秸率为81.95%,种床平整度为8.67 mm。[结论]本文构建的交互作用模型经验证可靠,能有效评价稻茬田立旋作业参数对种床清秸平整效果。
[Objectives]This paper aimed to study the interaction mechanism of straw-soil-strip vertical rotary tillage system in rice stubble field,explore the influence of key operation parameters under the interaction of the three on the clearing and leveling effect of seedbed,and play a guiding role in the integrated straw field management and the optimal design of tillage machinery in the water-drought rotation system.[Methods]A 3D vertical rotation simulation model was constructed based on discrete element method.The process of vertical strip rotation under rice straw mulching was simulated,and the parameter range was optimized and verified by laboratory soil tank test.In the process of strip vertical rotation,the forward speed,the rotational speed of tool shaft and the stubble length were taken as the influencing factors.The response surface method was used to build a mathematical model to analyze the influence of each factor on the quality of the seedbed and carry out the performance optimization test.[Results]When the tillage depth was set to 15 cm,the main and secondary factors affecting the cleaning rate of stubble and the flatness of seedbed were the forward speed,the tool shaft rotational speed and stubble length.The results of multi-objective optimization showed that the quality of seedbed was the best when the tool forward speed was 1.09 m·s^(-1),the tool shaft rotational speed was 281.5 r·min^(-1) and the stubble length was 6.89 cm.The straw cleaning rate of seedbed was 81.95%and the seedbed flatness was 8.67 mm.[Conclusions]The interaction model established in this paper was proved to be reliable and could effectively reflect the effect of vertical rotation operation parameters on the clearing of straw in seed bed.
作者
魏子翔
何瑞银
李毅念
徐高明
丁启朔
WEI Zixiang;HE Ruiyin;LI Yinian;XU Gaoming;DING Qishuo(College of Engineering/Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China)
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期1037-1048,共12页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2300700)。
关键词
带状立旋
离散元
响应面
种床清秸率
种床平整度
strip vertical rotary tillage
discrete element
response surface
seedbed straw cleaning rate
seedbed flatness
