摘要
【目的】探究不同树种在叶片和冠层尺度上吸滞大气颗粒物的特征,解析相同污染背景下不同树种单叶和林分冠层对大气颗粒物吸滞特征的变异,为营建能够高效吸滞大气颗粒物的城市森林提供理论依据。【方法】对北京市五环路周围具有代表性的平原风景游憩林进行调查后,选择奥林匹克公园内5片典型风景游憩林(华山松-银杏混交林、毛白杨-白蜡混交林、旱柳纯林、毛白杨纯林、多树种复层针阔混交林)作为研究对象,采用洗脱称量粒度分析法得到各树种单位叶面积大气颗粒物吸滞量,通过叶面积指数计算每公顷各树种对不同径级颗粒物的吸滞量,依据各树种冠层占整个林分冠层的面积比例计算纯林或混交林单位面积林分对不同径级颗粒物的吸滞量。【结果】不同林分各树种叶片吸滞大气颗粒物的粒径分布特征存在显著差异,单位面积叶片颗粒物吸滞量在树种间的差异随颗粒物径级和林分类型有所改变。单叶尺度上,各树种对不同径级大气颗粒物的吸滞能力综合排序为银杏>圆柏>元宝枫>栾树>华山松>侧柏>白蜡>旱柳>毛白杨。不同林分冠层对大气颗粒物的吸滞能力差异明显,相差倍数高达20倍左右;各类型林分单位面积的大气颗粒物吸滞量大小不随颗粒物径级而变化,对所有径级颗粒物均为华山松-银杏混交林的吸滞量最高,然后依次为多树种针阔混交林、旱柳纯林、毛白杨-白蜡混交林和毛白杨纯林。【结论】本研究9个树种中,银杏、圆柏和元宝枫为高滞尘树种,栾树、华山松和侧柏为中等滞尘树种,白蜡、旱柳和毛白杨为低滞尘树种;能够对大气颗粒物进行高效吸滞的林分结构特征为含多个高滞尘树种+具有多层林冠+林木疏密相间,欲使城市森林发挥其大气颗粒物吸滞效能,需同时关注高滞尘树种选择及合理林分结构设计。
【Objective】This study aimed to characterize the retention of atmospheric particles by different tree species at both the leaf and canopy scales by the analysis of the variation in the retention of atmospheric particles by individual leaves and forest canopies of different tree species under the same pollution background,therefore to provide a theoretical basis for creating urban forests that can efficiently retain atmospheric particles.【Method】A survey was carried out on representative scenic recreational forests in plain areas around Beijing’s Fifth Ring Road,five typical scenic recreational forests in the Olympic Park(Pinus armandii-Ginkgo biloba mixed forests,Populus tomentosa-Fraxinus chinensis mixed forests,Salix matsudana pure forest,Populus tomentosa pure forest,and multi-species and multi-layer conifer-broadleaf mixed forest)were selected for the study.The elutionweighing-particle size-analysis method was used to measure the amount of atmospheric particles retained per unit leaf area of each tree species.The leaf area index was used to calculate the amount of particles retained by different tree species per hectare for different particle size categories.Based on the canopy area ratio of individual species to the entire forest,the retention amount of different particle size categories per unit area of pure forest or mixed forest was calculated.【Result】There are significant differences in the particle size distribution of atmospheric particles retained by the leaves of different tree species among different forest types.The retention amount of particles per unit leaf area varies among tree species with particle size categories and forest types.At the leaf scale,the comprehensive ranking of the ability to retain atmospheric particles with different particle size categories is:Ginkgo biloba>Juniperus chinensis>Acer truncatum>Koelreuteria paniculata>Pinus armandi>Platycladus orientalis>Fraxinus chinensis>Salix matsudana>Populus tomentosa.The ability of different forest canopies to retain atmosphe
作者
张志丹
曹治国
闫广轩
姚迪
黄青青
段劼
王亚飞
王凯
郑泥
Zhang Zhidan;Cao Zhiguo;Yan Guangxuan;Yao Di;Huang Qingqing;Duan Jie;Wang Yafei;Wang Kai;Zheng Ni(College of Administrative Officials,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 102600;Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control,Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control,Ministry of Education,School of Environment,Henan NormalUniversity,Xinxiang 453007;Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期1-11,共11页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42122057)
中原青年拔尖人才(ZYYCYU202012168)
新乡市重大科技攻关项目(22ZD002)。
关键词
大气颗粒物
滞尘
PM_(2.5)
空气污染
林分
atmospheric particulate matter
dust retention
PM_(2.5)
air pollution
forest stand
