摘要
国务院于1961年公布应县木塔为全国重点文物保护单位,2016年9月被吉尼斯世界纪录认证为“世界上最高的木塔”。应县木塔结构虽然对于地震灾害有抗震效果,但是经过长年累月的冲击,部分组件已经开始有损坏的趋势,基于美国、日本、新西兰的地震灾害保险制度经验与启示,整合过去应县木塔受到地震灾害侵蚀损害的数据,提出六点建议:一是自我保险与商业保险分级抗灾;二是应用再保险与风险证券化产品预先筹措损失资金;三是充分融合风险承担和社会参与促使应县木塔加入地震保险;四是解决古建筑地震保险在产品设计和开发方面不足的问题;五是解决应县木塔因应地震的损失压力测试与损失情况不同产生的风险差异化问题;六是解决应县木塔在地震保险实践方面的问题。指出应县木塔可以通过分材料、分层设计分项保险金额与保险费率进行投保,增加商业保险公司承保意愿。
The Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is declared a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council in 1961,and is certified by the Guinness World Records as the“tallest wooden pagoda in the world”in September 2016.Although the structure of Yingxian Wooden Pagoda has seismic effects on earthquakes,some components have begun to show signs of damage after years of impact.Based on the experience and inspiration of earthquake disaster insurance systems in America,Japan and New Zealand,the data on erosion and damage to Yingxian Wooden Pagoda proposed in previous literature was intergraded.Some suggestions are proposed.Firstly,self-insurance and commercial insurance are feasible for graded disaster resistance.Secondly,it is feasible to use reinsurance and risk securitization products to raise loss funds in advance.Thirdly,it is feasible for Yingxian Wooden Pagoda to be included in earthquake insurance due to the full integration of risk bearing and social participation characteristics overseas.Fourthly,it is suggested to address the shortcomings in product design and development of earthquake insurance for ancient buildings.Fifthly,it is suggested to address the risk differentiation problem caused by the different loss pressure testing and loss situations of Yingxian Wooden Pagoda in response to earthquakes.Sixthly,it is suggested to address the practical issues of earthquake insurance for Yingxian Wooden Pagoda.It is pointed out that the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda can be insured by dividing materials and designing sub-insurance amounts and insurance rates,increasing the willingness of commercial insurance companies to underwrite.
作者
常兆卿
周林毅
CHANG Zhaoqing;ZHOU Linyi(Busniess College,Wuyi University,Wuyishan 354300,Fujian,China)
出处
《科技和产业》
2024年第18期203-210,共8页
Science Technology and Industry
基金
福建省自然科学基金(2023J011064)
2021年度高校以马克思主义为指导的哲学社会科学学科基础理论项目(JSZM2021075)
福建省高校哲学社会科学项目(JAS20378)。
关键词
应县木塔
地震灾害保险
文物保护
Yingxian Wooden Pagoda
earthquake disaster insurance
cultural relics protection
