摘要
据北京大学藏西汉竹书《赵正书》,秦始皇并未如《史记》所言于三十七年七月丙寅死在沙丘平台(今河北平乡)。以二书所记为基础,并参诸其他文献、文物考古资料及历史地理情况,可知始皇于平原津发病在三十七年六月丙寅,继派遣蒙毅还祭河水、泰山,其后始皇因病情反复而走走停停,经行柏人、封斯,欲经井陉至白泉(今山西阳泉)避暑养病,然七月上旬尚未到达白泉即死于恒山郡平台县(今河北鹿泉)。“沙丘之谋”与“平台之变”是两件事,蒙毅均未参加,缘此之故,始皇乃有始立扶苏而临终改立胡亥之事。
According to the bamboo record of Zhao Zhengshu(《赵正书》)preserved in Peking University,Qin Shihuang(秦始皇)did not die in the Pingtai(平台),Shaqiu(沙丘)during July of the 37th year of the emperor.After comparing with the bamboo record of Zhao Zhengshu,the book of shiji(《史记》)and complementing the other documents,cultural and archaeological relics from historical geography perspective,this paper finds the Qin Shihuang was taken ill in Pingyuan Jin(平原津)during June of the 37th year of the emperor.Afterword,the emperor dispatched Meng Yi to offer sacrifices the Mount Tai and the Yellow River.But the Emperor intermittently stayed and departed because of illnesses.The emperor had passed through Boren(柏人)and Fengsi(封斯),and planned to arrive at Baiquan(白泉)through Jingxing(井陉)to avoid the summer heat and in order to recover from the disease.However,he died in the Pingtai County of Hengshan prefecture(恒山郡)in the first half of July,and had not arrived at Baiquan.The two events of"the conspiracy of the Shaqiu"and"the incident of Pingtai"were not attended by Meng Yi.This conclusion could explain why the Emperor had handed over the throne to Fusu(扶苏)at the beginning,but the throne finally handed to the Huhai(胡亥).
作者
郭声波
Guo Shengbo(Research Centre for Historical Geography,Jinan University,510632)
出处
《中国历史地理论丛》
北大核心
2024年第3期54-63,共10页
Journal of Chinese Historical Geography
关键词
秦始皇
《赵正书》
沙丘之谋
平台之变
白泉置
Qin Shihuang
The book of Zhao Zhengshu
The conspiracy of the Shaqiu
The incident of Pingtai
Baiquan
