摘要
目的了解阜阳市某三级综合医院2020—2022年医院感染现状与影响因素,为医院感染的预防与控制提供参考。方法采取横断面调查方法在2020—2022年期间每年选取某日0∶00至24∶00对所有住院患者进行医院感染调查,采用χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析方法进行统计分析。结果阜阳市某三级综合医院2020—2022年医院感染现患率分别为1.71%、1.88%、1.77%(χ^(2)=0.082,P=0.960)。医院感染现患率较高的科室为重症医学科和神经外科,感染部位以下呼吸道为主(占57.14%)。引起医院感染的病原菌主要为肺炎克雷伯菌(占25.53%)和铜绿假单胞菌(占21.28%)。抗菌药物使用率为35.01%~49.31%,主要用于治疗(占74.96%),以一联用药为主(占83.22%),治疗性使用抗菌药物前病原学送检率为34.69%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,住院时长≥14 d(OR=3.981,95%CI:1.746~9.080)、应用泌尿道插管(OR=10.485,95%CI:4.223~26.035)、应用动静脉插管(OR=6.967,95%CI:2.897~16.753)是医院感染发生的危险因素。结论阜阳市某三级综合院医院感染现患率较低,医院感染防控取得了一定成效,泌尿道插管、动静脉插管等侵入性操作是医院感染防控重点。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in a tertiary comprehesive hospital in Fuyang City from 2020 to 2022,providing reference for improving the level of hospital infection control.Methods A cross-sectional survey method was adopted to conduct a HAI survey on all hospitalized patients from 0∶00 to 24∶00 on a certain day every year from 2020 to 2022.χ^(2)test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence rate of HAI in a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Fuyang City from 2020 to 2022 was 1.71%,1.88%,and 1.77%,respectively(χ^(2)=0.082,P=0.960).The departments with a higher rate of HAI were intensive care and neurosurgery,with the main infection site being the lower respiratory tract(57.14%).The main pathogenic bacterium detected in HAI were Klebsiella pneumonia(25.53%)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(21.28%).The utilization rate of antibiotics ranged from 35.01%to 49.31%,primarily for treatment(74.96%),monotherapy being common(83.22%),the pre-treatment pathogen detection rate was 34.69%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hospitalization days≥14 days(OR=3.981,95%CI:1.746-9.080),urinary tract catheterization(OR=10.485,95%CI:4.223-26.035),and arteriovenous catheterization(OR=6.967,95%CI:2.897-16.753)were risk factors for HAI.Conclusion The prevalence rate of HAI in a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Fuyang City is relatively low,and HAI prevention and control have achieved certain results.Invasive operations such as urinary tract catheterization and arteriovenous catheterization remain key areas for HAI prevention and control.
作者
李阳
秦芹
高治华
张秀军
LI Yang;QIN Qin;GAO Zhihua;ZHANG Xiujun(The Fifth People's Hospital of Fuyang,Anhui 236000,China;Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230031,Auhui,China)
出处
《安徽预防医学杂志》
2024年第4期309-313,346,共6页
Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
安徽医科大学科研水平提升计划(2021xkjT013)。
关键词
医院感染
横断面调查
抗菌药物
危险因素
Healthcare-associated infection
Cross-sectional survey
Antibiotic
Risk factor
