摘要
“抖音案”等司法实践表明,个人信息并非总是处于绝对私密或绝对公开的情境中,具体场景中个人信息的“相对公开”是一种常态。《个人信息保护法》明确将已公开个人信息处理作为法定的合理使用事由,但“已公开”存在绝对公开与相对公开的差异,需进一步阐释。处于新旧秩序的更迭中的个人信息保护,与隐私仍具有内核的一致性。符合自然人的隐私期待,是自行公开个人信息可合理使用的理论基础与制度逻辑。绝对公开解释既是对《个人信息保护法》的误读,也因缺乏国家保护义务的理论联结,易加剧“告知—同意”规则适用的僵化。为防止恣意扩张适用对个人信息权益的侵蚀,有必要通过合法相对公开、告知义务适用、处理限度划定的“三步检验”,对相对公开个人信息的合理使用行为加以评价与限制。
The Judicial practices such as the “Tiktok Case” indicate that personal information is not always in an absolute private or absolute public context.The “relative disclosure” of personal information in specific scenarios is a common occurrence.The Personal Information Protection Law explicitly identifies the handling of disclosed personal information as a legal ground for fair use.However,the term“ disclosed” encompasses both absolute and relative forms of disclosure,necessitating further clarification.The protection of personal information,which is in the midst of the transition between the old and new order,still remains consistent with the core concept of privacy.Compliance with the privacy expectation of natural persons is the theoretical foundation and institutional logic for the reasonable use of selfdisclosed personal information.The interpretation of absolute disclosure represents both a misinterpretation of the Personal Information Protection Law,and a lack of theoretical connection to the state's duty for protection,which may exacerbate the rigid application of the“Informed Consent” rule.In order to prevent arbitrary expansion of the application that may erode individuals' personal information rights,it is necessary to evaluate and limit the fair use of relatively public personal information through the “three-step examination” of lawful relative disclosure,application of the duty of notification,and delineation of the limit of processing.
作者
赵艺
ZHAO Yi(School of Law,Southeast University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211189,China)
出处
《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
北大核心
2024年第5期118-128,共11页
Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社科基金重点项目“大数据与刑事司法的内生冲突及其双向调和研究”(21AFX013)。
关键词
相对公开个人信息
已公开个人信息
合理使用
隐私期待
自行公开
relatively public personal information
disclosed personal information
fair use
privacy expectation
self-disclosure
