摘要
目的深入了解中学生精神疾病患者对童年创伤经历的认知评价,为制定有效干预措施提供参考。方法采用目的抽样方法选取2023年3—9月武汉市某三级甲等精神专科医院门诊及住院的21名有童年创伤经历的中学生精神疾病患者进行半结构式访谈,应用Colaizzi现象学研究7个步骤分析资料、提炼主题。结果共提取出3个主题和11个亚主题:对童年创伤的认识不足(自身认识不足、主要照料者认识不足),经历童年创伤后的多种伤害体验(复杂的负性情感体验、多种躯体不适、悲观的人生态度、社交损害、学业受损),童年创伤体验受多种因素的影响(自身性格特点、个人应对方式不当、不良成长环境、难以获得社会支持)。结论中学生精神疾病患者及照料者普遍缺乏童年创伤常识,童年创伤的伤害广泛且受多因素影响。应加强科普宣传,及时干预,减少童年创伤经历的不良后果。
Objective To gain an indepth understanding of the cognitive appraisal of middle school students with mental illness after experiencing childhood trauma,so as to provide a reference for the development of effective interventions.Methods From March to September in 2023,21 middle school students with childhood trauma experiences and mental illnesses were selected from outpatient and inpatient departments through purposive sampling in a tertiary grade A psychiatric hospital in Wuhan.Semistructured interviews were conducted and the seven steps of Colaizzi phenomenology were used to analyze the data and extract themes.Results A total of 3 themes and 11 subthemes were extracted:insufficient awareness of childhood trauma(lack of selfawareness,lack of awareness of primary caregivers),multiple hurtful experiences after experiencing childhood trauma(complex negative affective experiences,multiple physical discomfort,pessimistic attitudes toward life,social impairment,and academic impairment),and influences on childhood trauma experiences(personality traits,inappropriate personal coping styles,poor upbringing environment,and difficulty in obtaining social support).Conclusions Middle school students with mental illnesses and their caregivers generally lack knowledge about childhood trauma,which brings widespread harm and are affected by multiple factors.It should jointly strengthen the popularization of scientific knowledge,intervene in a timely manner,and thereby reduce the adverse consequences of childhood trauma experiences.
作者
宋立平
陈杰
熊昌娥
曾婧
SONG Liping;CHEN Jie;XIONG Chang'e;ZENG Jing(School of Public Health,Wuhan University of Science and Technolo-gy,Wuhan(430081),Hubei Province,China;不详)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第8期1101-1105,1110,共6页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
国家社科基金一般项目(20BSH066)。
关键词
精神卫生
创伤和损伤
认知
学生
Mental health
Wounds and injuries
Cognition
Students
