摘要
陶瓷练泥机是陶瓷塑性成形的关键设备,对挤出致密度高、可塑性强、组分均匀的泥料具有重要意义。由于泥料在陶瓷练泥机中会与机器内部接触面间产生黏附阻力,导致挤出的泥料出现速度分布不均匀、分层、开裂等缺陷,严重影响泥料表面质量与成形性能。针对以上问题,借鉴蜣螂体表的减黏脱附功能结构,本文分析练泥机机头中泥料的运动状态,研究了陶瓷练泥机机头非光滑凹坑结构的仿生设计方法,利用表面改形方法在练泥机挤出机头内壁面设置凹坑形仿生结构,打乱泥料原本的分层秩序,使水膜状态发生变化,建立机头的蜣螂仿生凹坑结构表面模型,通过COMSOL多物理场数值计算与正交试验设计对其结构进行优化,最后通过试验验证提出方法的有效性。结果表明:影响仿生机头综合性能的几何因素由主到次依序为非光滑体排列方式、相邻非光滑体间距、非光滑体截面半径;在机头内壁表面均匀设置平行排列的半径r为1.5mm、相邻中心距b为4.5mm的凹坑λ_(s)^(2)结构,与光滑表面机头相比,其泥料挤出减阻率λ_(f)达到21.83%,相对角速度方差下降率为3.44%,泥料挤出效率提高11.95%,挤出泥料表面光滑,无明显表面和内部质量缺陷,从而证明了仿生非光滑凹坑结构在保证泥料具备一定挤出效率的同时,可实现减黏降阻。提出的方法对练泥机泥料的高质、高效挤出具有重要理论意义与工程价值。
A ceramic extruder is a key piece of equipment for ceramic plastic forming,which plays a critical role in extruding mud with high density,strong plasticity,and uniform composition.However,due to the resistance to adhesion between the extruded clay and the barrel's internal contact surface,the extruded clay often exhibits non-uniform velocity distribution,delamination,cracking,and other defects that seriously affect the surface quality and forming performance.Inspired by the surface structure of the dung beetle's body,which reduces viscosity and resistance,this study analyzes the movement status of mud in the ceramic extruder's head and researches a bionic design with a non-smooth,pit-shaped structure.Using surface modification technology,a pit-shaped bionic structure is implemented on the inner wall of the ceramic extruder's head,disrupting the original layered order of the mud and altering the state of the water film.Furthermore,a geometric model of the dung beetlex's pit-shaped bionic structure is established for the extruder's head.Building on this,the structure is further optimized using the numerical calculation methods of COMSOL multiphysical field and orthogonal experimental design.Subsequent extruding experiments verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.The results showed that the geometric factors affecting the comprehensive performance of the bionic machine head,in descending order of impact,are the arrangement of non-smooth bodies,the spacing between adjacent non-smooth bodies,and the cross-sectional radius of nonsmooth bodies.Moreover,when the pits were uniformly distributed on the head's surface of the ceramic extruder in a parallel arrangement,with a pit radius of 1.5 mm and a distance between the centers of two adjacent pits of 4.5 mm,the drag reduction rate(λ_(f))for clay extrusion reached 21.83%,the variance of relative angular velocity(λ_(s)^(2))decreased by 3.44%,and the clay extrusion efficiency increased by 11.95%.The surface of the extruded clay was smooth and free from defects,de
作者
于盛睿
季平
戴哲敏
徐磊
刘志环
李伟
吴辉庭
YU Shengrui;JI Ping;DAI Zhemin;XU Lei;LIU Zhihuan;LI Wei;WU Huiting(School of Mechanical and Electronic Eng.,Jingdezhen Ceramic Univ.,Jingdezhen 333403,China;Voxflor Industrial Park Co.,Ltd.,Xinyu 338000,China;Jiangxi Jujia Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou 344000,China)
出处
《工程科学与技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期247-257,共11页
Advanced Engineering Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52065029)
江西省自然科学基金项目(20192BAB206023)
江西省重点研发计划项目(20202BBEL53013,20192BBE50032)
江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20212ACB204013)
江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ211323,GJJ201327)
景德镇市科技局科技计划项目(20212GYZD009-08)。
关键词
练泥机
泥料缺陷
仿生凹坑
减黏降阻
ceramic extruder
clay defects
bionic pits
viscosity and resistance reduction
