摘要
目的了解北京市某区制造业工人抑郁、焦虑症状检出情况及影响因素,为该行业工人抑郁、焦虑的预防及干预提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法抽取北京市某区大、中、小微型15家制造业的一线工人为调查对象,采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》调查人口学信息和职业信息;采用《9项患者健康问卷》和广泛性焦虑量表分别评估抑郁、焦虑症状;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析抑郁、焦虑症状的影响因素。结果发放问卷759份,回收有效问卷748份,问卷有效率为98.55%。调查大型企业3家372人,占49.73%;中型企业3家167人,占22.33%;小微型企业9家209人,占27.94%。男性584人,占78.07%。年龄M(QR)为39.00(11.00)岁。工龄M(QR)为8.50(11.00)年。检出抑郁、焦虑症状分别175和68人,检出率分别为23.40%和9.09%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度(初中,OR=0.305,95%CI:0.129~0.723)、周均工作时间(≥55 h,OR=1.727,95%CI:1.026~2.906)和睡眠障碍(OR=3.062,95%CI:2.127~4.407)是工人抑郁症状的影响因素;文化程度(初中,OR=0.196,95%CI:0.074~0.523;高中/职高/中专,OR=0.171,95%CI:0.064~0.452;大专及以上,OR=0.187,95%CI:0.066~0.527)、工作班制(上夜班,OR=2.369,95%CI:1.344~4.177)和睡眠障碍(OR=5.411,95%CI:3.076~9.519)是工人焦虑症状的影响因素。结论制造业工人抑郁、焦虑症状主要受到文化程度、周均工作时间、工作班制和睡眠障碍的影响。
Objective To investigate the symptoms of depression and anxiety and their influencing factors among manufacturing workers in a district of Beijing Municipality,so as to provide insights into prevention and intervention of depression and anxiety among workers in this industry.Methods Frontline workers from 15 manufacturing enterprises including large,medium,and small/micro sizes were selected using the stratified random sampling method.Demographic and occupational information were investigated using the Chinese National Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire among Key Populations.The symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed by the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,respectively.The influencing factors for depression and anxiety symptoms were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 759 questionnaires were allocated and 748 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 98.55%.The respondents included 372 people(49.73%)from 3 large enterprises,167 people(22.33%)from 3 medium enterprises,and 209 people(27.94%)from 9 small/micro enterprises.There were 584 males,accounting for 78.07%.The median age was 39(interquartile range,11.00)years,and the median duration of employment was 8.50(interquartile range,11.00)years.Depression and anxiety symptoms were detected in 175 and 68 cases,with the detection rates were 23.40%and 9.09%,respectively.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the educational level(junior high school,OR=0.305,95%CI:0.129-0.723),weekly working duration(≥55 h,OR=1.727,95%CI:1.026-2.906)and sleep disorders(OR=3.062,95%CI:2.127-4.407)were influencing factors for depression symptoms;educational level(junior high school,OR=0.196,95%CI:0.074-0.523;high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school,OR=0.171,95%CI:0.064-0.452;junior college and above,OR=0.187,95%CI:0.066-0.527),work shift(night shift,OR=2.369,95%CI:1.344-4.177)and sleep disorders(OR=5.411,95%C
作者
张文丽
张丽
胡在方
周国伟
胡洁
ZHANG Wenli;ZHANG Li;HU Zaifang;ZHOU Guowei;HU Jie(Department of Occupational and Radiological Health,Shunyi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101300,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2024年第9期796-800,共5页
China Preventive Medicine Journal
关键词
制造业工人
抑郁
焦虑
影响因素
manufacturing worker
depression
anxiety
influencing factor
