摘要
研究燕麦(Avena sativa)分别与饲用豌豆(Pisum sativum)、箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)、蚕豆(V.faba)混播及4种作物单播在高寒不同生态区的生产性能,探讨适宜各生态区的最佳种植模式,为高寒不同生态区一年生混播草地的栽培提供依据。结果表明:1)各混播组合间,燕麦+饲用豌豆组合的干草产量和粗蛋白含量最高,分别为10.56 t·hm^(−2)和16.15%;3种混播组合的粗蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、粗脂肪含量、中性洗涤纤维含量均介于燕麦单播和饲用豌豆、箭筈豌豆、蚕豆单播之间。2)各生态区间,燕麦和3种豆类的平均株高均随海拔高度的上升呈先增加后降低的趋势;门源的干草产量最高,为9.78 t·hm^(−2);除贵南外,粗蛋白含量亦随海拔高度的升高呈降低趋势,贵南的粗蛋白含量最高,为17.69%。3)综合评价得出,适宜各生态区种植的混播组合分别是祁连山流域门源和湟水谷地湟中的燕麦+饲用豌豆组合、三江源区贵南的燕麦+蚕豆组合、环青海湖区共和的燕麦+箭筈豌豆组合,干草产量分别为13.00和10.63、10.59、10.73 t·hm^(−2),粗蛋白含量分别为14.65%和16.11%、13.56%、12.01%;各生态区最佳混播组合的干草产量较燕麦单播分别增加了48.57%(门源)、23.17%(湟中)、23.00%(贵南)、47.80%(共和)。
This study examined the production performance of oats(Avena sativa)sown in mixtures with feed pea(Pisum sativum),common vetch(Vicia sativa),and broad bean(V.faba),as well as the individual sowing of these four crops in different alpine ecozones.The objective was to identify the optimal planting pattern for each ecological region,which could provide a theoretical basis for the artificial planting of mixed grassland sowing in different alpine ecozones.The results include:1)Among the mixed combinations,the oat+feed pea combination had the highest hay yield(10.56 t·ha^(−1))and crude protein content(16.15%).The crude protein content,soluble sugar content,crude fat content,and neutral detergent fiber content of the mixed sowing combination all fell between those of oats and bean unicast.2)The average plant height for both oats and beans first increased and then decreased with an increase in altitude gradient in all regions.The highest hay yield in Menyuan County was 9.78 t·ha^(−1).The crude protein content in Guinan County decreased with altitude,and the highest crude protein content in Guinan County was 17.69%.3)Through comprehensive evaluation,we identified optimal planting combinations for each ecological area:oats+feed pea in Menyuan and Huangzhong Counties,oats+broad bean in Guinan County,and oats+common vetch in Gonghe County.The hay yields were 13.00,10.63,10.59,and 10.73 t·ha^(−1),and the crude protein contents were 14.65%,16.11%,13.56%,and 12.01%in each region,respectively.Compared with oats monocot,the best-mixed sowing combinations increased the hay yield in each ecological area by 48.57%(Menyuan),23.17%(Huangzhong),23.00%(Guinan),and 47.80%(Gonghe).
作者
罗峰
米文博
李文
刘文辉
LUO Feng;MI Wenbo;LI Wen;LIU Wenhui(Qinghai University Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine/Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期1934-1947,共14页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)
山东省援青技术研发项目(SDYQ2022-32)。
关键词
生态区
种植模式
饲草
产量
品质
综合评价
青藏高原
ecological regions
cropping pattern
forage
yield
quality
comprehensive evaluation
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
