摘要
目的了解甘南藏族自治州中小学生近视现况,并探讨其相关因素。方法2020年采用分层整群抽样法抽取甘南藏族自治州4~6年级小学生和中学生共3082名为研究对象开展问卷调查和眼部检查。运用多因素Logistic回归分析影响近视因素。结果研究对象的近视率为64.4%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,普通高中学生近视发生风险高于小学生(OR=1.640),男生高于女生(OR=1.466),平均每天作业时长≥2 h者高于作业时长<2 h者(OR=1.442),仅父亲近视(OR=1.728)、仅母亲近视(OR=2.214)、父母均近视者(OR=2.657)高于父母均不近视者,调换座位频率每周1次者低于2周及以上者(OR=0.824),眼睛距离书本经常或总是超过1尺(1/3 m)者低于从不或偶尔超过1尺(1/3 m)者(OR=0.838)(P<0.05)。结论甘南藏族自治州中小学生近视率较高,应以普通高中学生、女生、父母有近视者为重点,通过采取减少作业、定时调整座位、正确读写姿势、健康宣传等干预措施积极防控近视。
Objective To investigate the current status of myopia and related factors in primary and secondary school students in Gannan Zang Autonomous Prefecture,China.Methods In 2020,the stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 3082 grade 4-6 primary school students and secondary school students as subjects,and a questionnaire survey and eye examinations were performed for all subjects.The multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the influencing factors for myopia.Results The rate of myopia was 64.4%among the subjects.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of myopia among ordinary high school students was higher than that among primary school students(odds ratio[OR]=1.640,P<0.05);boys had a higher risk of myopia than girls(OR=1.466,P<0.05);the students with an average daily working time of≥2 hours had a higher risk of myopia than those with an average daily working time of<2 hours(OR=1.442,P<0.05);the students whose father had myopia(OR=1.728,P<0.05),the students whose mother had myopia(OR=2.214,P<0.05),and the students whose parents had myopia(OR=2.657,P<0.05)had a higher risk of myopia than those whose parents did not have myopia;the students with a frequency of changing seats of once a week had a lower risk of myopia than those with a frequency of changing seats of once every 2 weeks or less frequently(OR=0.824,P<0.05);the students often or always having their eyes more than one Chi(1/3 m)away from books had a lower risk of myopia than those never or occasionally having their eyes more than one Chi(1/3 m)away from books(OR=0.838,P<0.05).Conclusion There is a relatively high rate of myopia among the primary and secondary school students in Gannan Zang Autonomous Prefecture,and related measures should be adopted for the key populations of ordinary high school students,girls,and students whose parents have myopia to prevent and control myopia by reducing the amount of homework,adjusting the seats regularly,reading and writing with correct postures,and implem
作者
李辰
李盛
王金玉
贺诗淇
LI Chen;LI Sheng;WANG Jin-yu;HE Shi-qi(Department of Ophthalmology,Lanzhou First People’s Hospital,Lanzhou 730050,China;School of Basic Medical Sciences,Lanzhou University;School of Public Health,Lanzhou University)
出处
《环境卫生学杂志》
2024年第7期585-589,602,共6页
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
基金
兰州市民生科技计划项目(2021-1-178)
兰州市人才创新创业项目(2021-RC-95)。
关键词
近视
中小学生
影响因素
防控
myopia
primary and secondary school students
influencing factors
prevention and control
