摘要
[目的]系统评估垄沟种植对作物水分利用效率(WUE)和产量的影响,探究影响垄沟种植增产效果的主要驱动因子,为北方干旱、半干旱雨养农业区垄沟种植推广与合理应用提供科学依据与理论基础。[方法]以平作为对照,以垄沟种植为处理,系统分析1980—2023年公开发表的文献68篇,利用采用Meta分析方法定量分析了高(R/F>1)、中(R/F=1)、低(R/F<1)3种典型垄沟比(R为垄宽,F为沟宽)对作物WUE和产量的影响,并从气候因素(即年平均降水量、年平均温度),土壤因素(土壤密度、土壤养分),人为管理因素(肥料使用、作物种类)出发,研究垄沟种植主要驱动因子对作物WUE和产量的综合影响。[结果]与传统平作相比,垄沟种植3种垄沟比都显著提高了作物WUE和产量,且不同垄沟比间差异显著。高、中、低3种垄沟比条件下,作物WUE和产量分别显著提高了34.9%,27.48%,32.4%和39.94%,25.98%,34.93%。R/F>1适用在年平均降雨量<400 mm和年平均温度<8℃的地区,而R/F<1在年平均降雨量>600 mm和年平均温度>10℃的地区对作物WUE和产量提高更大。在低土壤容重、高土壤全氮含量的条件下R/F>1具有更高的增产效果,而R/F<1在高土壤容重、低土壤速效氮和速效磷含量时更合适。高强度的肥料投入显著降低了垄沟种植的增产效果,低施肥量(氮肥施用量0~150 kg/hm^(2),磷肥施用量0~75 kg/hm^(2))时作物WUE和产量提高最为显著。[结论]不同垄沟比对作物WUE和产量的提高受气候因素、土壤因素、人为管理因素的共同影响。在降水少、土壤贫瘠的自然条件下,更适宜采用垄沟种植。在使用化肥时,低施肥量可以让垄沟种植的增产和保水达到最佳效果。
[Objective]The effects of ridge and furrow planting on crop water use efficiency(WUE)and yield were systematically evaluated,and the main driving factors that affect the yield increase effect of ridge and furrow planting were studied,in order to provide scientific basis and theoretical basis for the promotion and reasonable application of ridge and furrow planting in arid and semi-arid rainfed agricultural areas in Northern China.[Methods]Using flat cultivation as a control and ridge-furrow cultivation as the treatment,a systematic analysis was conducted of 68 published studies from 1980 to 2023.The Meta-analysis methods was utilized to quantitatively analyze the effects of three typical ratios of ridge width(R)to furrow(F)(the higher with R/F>1;the medium with R/F=1;the lower with R/F<1)on crop WUE and yield.The comprehensive impact of the main driving factors of ridge-furrow cultivation on crop WUE and yield was also investigated,with considering climatic factors(i.e.,annual average precipitation,annual average temperature),soil factors(soil density,soil nutrients),and human management factors(fertilizer use,crop types).[Results]Compared with traditional flat cultivation,all three ridge-furrow ratios significantly increased crop WUE and yield,with significant differences observed among the different ratios.Under high,medium,and low ridge-furrow ratios,crop WUE was significantly increased by 34.9%,27.48%,32.4%,respectively,and yield was increased by 39.94%,25.98%,34.93%,respectively.The high R/F ratio(>1)was applicable in regions with an annual average rainfall of less than 400 mm and an annual average temperature of less than 8℃,while the low R/F ratio(<1)was more effective in increasing crop WUE and yield in regions with an annual average rainfall of more than 600 mm and an annual average temperature above 10℃.The high R/F ratio(>1)had a higher yield-increasing effect under conditions of low soil bulk density and high soil total nitrogen(TN)content,while the low R/F ratio(<1)was more suitable under conditi
作者
郭乔
王冬梅
张鹏
李志梅
Guo Qiao;Wang Dongmei;Zhang Peng;Li Zhimei(Collage of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Soil and Watrr Conservation Management Station of Yanqing Districi Water Affaire,Beijing 102100,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期190-200,共11页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
宁夏回族自治区水利厅生产建设项目“水土流失防治技术研究”(2013-69)。
关键词
META分析
垄沟种植
产量
水分利用效率
Meta-analysis
ridge and furrow planting
yield
water use efficiency
