摘要
以石羊河下游盐碱化林地为研究对象,按照轻度、中度、重度3个标准,采用样地法调查盐碱地盐分含量、组成及其植被物种多样性。结果表明:(1)石羊河下游盐碱化林地土壤盐分中Cl-、SO 42-两个离子的含量最高,占比较大。Y1、Y3两样地Cl-离子含量高于SO 42-离子,其他样地SO 42-离子含量高于Cl-离子,土壤类型总体属于硫酸盐—氯化物型和氯化物—硫酸盐型。(2)石羊河下游盐碱化林地土壤盐分主要集聚在表层0~50 cm范围内,50 cm以下土壤盐分值相对较小,变化稳定。(3)土壤盐分、水分与土壤质地有密切关系,壤土和沙壤地的土壤含水量相对较高,土壤盐分相对较低,更有利于植被生长和恢复;植被覆盖度与土壤水分存在正相关性,覆盖度越大土壤水分越大。(4)盐碱化林地的物种组成、数量与土壤含盐量、土壤水分、土壤类型、气候干旱紧密相关,土壤盐分和水分对物种组成和数量呈正相关性,土壤盐分越低、水分越高,物种数量就越大,土壤封冻至次年3月土壤表层盐分浓度相对较低。盐碱地植被恢复应在土壤封冻前造林,整地挖穴深度≥50 cm,次年4—6月人工补水淋洗土壤表层盐分,可提高造林成活率,促进植被恢复。
Taking the saline-alkali land in the lower reaches of Shiyang River as the research object,according to the three criteria of mild,moderate and severe,the salt content,composition and vegetation species diversity of saline-alkali land were investigated by plot method.The results showed as the following four aspects.(1)The contents of Cl-ions and SO 42-ions in the soil salt of the salinized forest land in the lower reaches of Shiyang River were the highest,accounting for a large proportion.The content of Cl-ions in Y1 and Y3 plots was higher than that of SO 42-ions,and the content of SO 42-ions in other plots was higher than that of Cl-ions.The soil types generally belonged to sulfate-chloride type and chloride-sulfate type.(2)The soil salinity of saline-alkali forest land in the lower reaches of Shiyang River was mainly concentrated in the range of 0–50 cm in the surface layer,and the soil salt score below 50 cm was relatively small and stable.(3)Soil salinity and moisture were closely related to soil texture.The soil water content of loam and sandy loam was relatively high,and the soil salinity was relatively low,which was more conducive to vegetation growth and recovery.There was a positive correlation between vegetation coverage and soil moisture,and the greater the coverage,the greater the soil moisture.(4)The species composition and quantity of saline-alkali forest land were closely related to soil salinity,soil moisture,soil type and climate drought.Soil salinity and moisture were positively correlated with species composition and quantity.The lower the soil salinity and the higher the moisture,the greater the quantity.The soil surface salt concentration was relatively low from soil freezing to March of the next year.Vegetation restoration in saline-alkali land should be planted before soil freezing,and the depth of soil preparation and excavation should be≥50 cm.In the next year,artificial water replenishment leaching of the soil surface salt should be carried out from April to June,which can improve t
作者
刘永刚
许丽
王菊莲
姜俊基
李英
刘世权
Liu Yonggang;Xu Li;Wang Julian;Jiang Junji;Li Ying;Liu Shiquan(Shiyanghe Forestry General Farm,Wuwei City,Wuwe 733399,China;Gansu Minqin Sand Control Comprehensive Experimental Station,Wuwei 733399,China)
出处
《防护林科技》
2024年第5期58-65,共8页
Protection Forest Science and Technology
基金
武威市自然科学基金项目“石羊河下游荒漠区盐碱地人工造林植被恢复技术研究及成效评价”(WW2202RPZ030)
甘肃省林草局科技项目“石羊河下游人工灌木混交林生长现状及土壤理化性质研究”(2022kj056)
武威市重点研发计划-农业类项目“石羊河下游人工固沙林林分结构特征及优化配置技术研究”(WW23A01YFN009)。
关键词
石羊河下游
盐碱地
土壤理化特征
物种多样性
the lower reaches of Shiyang River
saline-alkali land
soil physical and chemical characteristics
species diversity
