摘要
清末民初博览会事业蕴涵了丰富的民族主义。它产生的外部因素是西方“先进”所形成的“榜样”力量,以及西方帝国的霸权行径和经济侵略,内部因素是中国自身的落后,以及中国人所具有的“经世忧国”传统精神。它产生的路径基本是:先进的西方列强,对落后中国进行经济侵略,导致中国利权外溢,产生严重民族危机,具有“经世忧国”精神的中国人奋发图强,既积极学习西方,仿行西法,又反省自身落后,积极展开竞争,谋求改良、发展,其中,蕴涵了忧患、危机、反省意识及竞争、发展观念,最终目的是实现民族国家独立富强。这样的民族主义具有追赶性、内向性、开放性特征,且主要体现在经济层面,虽有过急追求发展的一面,但其价值目标及立足自身的方法取向是理性的。
This paper explores the complex nationalism evident in trade expositions during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China period.External influences stemmed from the“model”of advanced Western nations,whose hegemonic actions and economic aggressions significantly impacted China.Internally,it was fueled by China’s perceived backwardness and the deep-rooted patriotic sentiments among its citizens,who were deeply concerned about the nation’s fate.The emergence of this nationalism can be traced to the economic invasions by Western empires,which exacerbated China’s vulnerability and triggered a national crisis.In response,patriotic Chinese sought to learn from the West,reflecting critically on their own shortcomings while striving for improvement and development.This process was marked by feelings of anxiety and a competitive spirit,ultimately aiming for national independence and prosperity.The nationalism manifested during this period is characterized by a drive to catch up,an introspective approach,and an openness to external ideas,primarily expressed through economic initiatives.While there was a strong desire for development,the underlying values and methods remained grounded in self-reliance and rationality.
作者
洪振强
HONG Zhenqiang(School of History and Culture,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)
出处
《河北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2024年第5期87-94,共8页
Journal of Hebei Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
清末民初
博览会事业
民族主义
the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China period
trade exposition
nationalism
