摘要
牟宗三对朱子的独特见解并非一蹴而就,反而有着长时间的发展历程。牟宗三早年其实对朱子不吝赞美,还将他比作康德,认为朱子决发出万事万物所以然之故的理,教人做即物穷理的圣贤工夫,建立了道德之基础,使道德成为哲学。20世纪40—50年代,牟宗三对陆王心学一脉进行了更深入探索,他以心理关系重新衡定朱子的思想,认为朱子系统理大而心小,心力显外用之智力,其工夫只是与道德实践无本质关系的外在工夫。到六十年代,牟宗三从头疏解中国传统哲学,由朱子的中和说入手厘定其心性关系。《心体与性体》出版前,牟宗三即将朱子定为认知静摄形态,判其落入第二义的他律道德,有别于宋明儒正统的创生直贯形态和自律道德。
Mou Zongsan’s unique view of Zhu Xi is not achieved overnight but has a long development process.In fact,in his early years,Mou Zongsan was generous in his praise of Zhu Xi,comparing him to Kant and believing that Zhu Zi discovered Li,taught people to be sages to explore Li,established the foundation of morality,and turned morality into philosophy.In the 1940s and 1950s,Mou Zongsan made a more in‑depth exploration of Lu and Wang’s theory of mind.He re‑determined Zhu Xi’s thoughts on the relationship between mind and Li and concluded that Zhu Xi’s work was only external work that had no essential relationship with moral practice.In the 1960s,Mou Zongsan reinterpreted the traditional Chinese philosophy from the beginning and determined the relationship between mind and human nature.Before the publication of Xin Ti and Xing Ti,he defined Zhu Xi’s theory as a form of cognitive stillness falling into the second sense of heteronomous morality,which was different from the orthodox form of creation and self-discipline morality of Confucianism in the Song and Ming dynasties.
作者
能星辉
翟奎凤
NENG Xinghui;ZHAI Kuifeng(School of Philosophy and Social Development,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;School of Philosophy,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《合肥大学学报》
2024年第4期1-6,13,共7页
Journal of Hefei University
关键词
牟宗三
朱子
理
心性关系
Mou Zongsan
Zhu Xi
Li
relationship between mind and human nature
