摘要
【目的】研究不同水氮处理对紫花苜蓿生长发育、品质及水肥利用效率的影响,为科学制定适合新疆紫花苜蓿的水肥合理施用提供参考。【方法】采用大田试验,设置3种灌溉梯度,记作W_(1)(3750 m^(3)/hm^(2))、W_(2)(4500 m^(3)/hm^(2))、W_(3)(5150 m^(3)/hm^(2)),5种施氮梯度,记作N_(0)(0 kg/hm^(2))、N_(1)(90 kg/hm^(2))、N_(2)(150 kg/hm^(2))、N_(3)(210 kg/hm^(2))、N_(4)(270 kg/hm^(2)),每个处理重复3次,分析不同水氮处理对紫花苜蓿生长、品质及水肥利用效率的影响。【结果】适宜的水氮处理能显著促进紫花苜蓿的生长发育与产量的提高,苜蓿的株高随施氮量的增加呈先增后减的趋势。水氮协同作用下以W_(2)N_(3)的产量最高。灌溉量、施氮量和水氮交互对紫花苜蓿粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分具有显著影响。不同水氮处理对紫花苜蓿植株含氮量、氮吸收量、氮肥偏生产力、氮素利用率、氮肥农学效率及水分利用效率均有不同程度的影响,W_(2)N_(3)处理下综合得分均最高。【结论】不同水氮处理均对紫花苜蓿的生长发育、品质及水氮利用效率有一定影响,水氮处理组合W_(2)N_(3)(灌溉量4500 m^(3)/hm^(2)、施氮量150 kg/hm^(2))效果最佳。
【Objective】This paper investigates thoroughly the effects of different water and nitrogen treatments on the growth,quality and water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of alfalfa,and provides reference for the scientific formulation of a rational application of water and fertilizer management system suitable for alfalfa in Xinjiang.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted with three irrigation gradients as W_(1)(3,750 m^(3)/hm^(2)),W_(2)(4,500 m^(3)/hm^(2))and W_(3)(5,150 m^(3)/hm^(2))and five nitrogen application gradients as N_(0)(0 kg/hm^(2)),N_(1)(90 kg/hm^(2)),N_(2)(150 kg/hm^(2)),N_(3)(210 kg/hm^(2))and N_(4)(270 kg/hm^(2)),and each treatment was replicated three times to study the effects of different water and nitrogen treatments on the growth,quality and water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of alfalfa.【Results】Suitable water and nitrogen treatments significantly promoted the growth and yield of alfalfa,and the plant height of alfalfa showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application.The highest yield was obtained with W_(2)N_(3)under the synergistic effect of water and nitrogen.Irrigation,N application and water-N interaction had significant effects on crude protein,crude fat content,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber and crude ash of alfalfa.There were different effects on nitrogen content,nitrogen uptake,nitrogen fertilizer bias productivity,nitrogen utilization,nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency and water use efficiency of alfalfa plants.The combined scores showed that the highest combined scores were all under W_(2)N_(3)treatment.【Conclusion】Different water and nitrogen treatments all had certain effects on the growth,quality and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of alfalfa,and W_(2)N_(3)(irrigation volume of 4,500 m^(3)/hm^(2)and nitrogen application rate of 150 kg/hm^(2))under water and nitrogen treatments has the best effect.
作者
孙萌
颜安
李靖言
卢前成
范君
孙哲
袁以琳
SUN Meng;YAN An;LI Jingyan;LU Qiancheng;FAN Jun;SUN Zhe;YUAN Yilin(College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期1512-1526,共15页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项计划(2022B02003)。
关键词
紫花苜蓿
水氮互作
营养品质
水肥利用效率
alfalfa
water and nitrogen intercropping
nutrient quality
water and fertilizer use efficiency
