边境民族地区推普对农户多维贫困脆弱性影响的实证研究——语言与国家治理系列研究之十三

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Mandarin Popularization on the Multidimensional Poverty Vulnerability of Peasant Households in Border Ethnic Areas--Research Series on Language and National Governance(No.13)

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摘要语言作为一种人力资本、文化载体、交际工具和思维工具,推广普通话产生的经济、文化、社会、认同等多重效应有助于农户就业技能与务农务工收入的增加,科学文化素养与就业机会的提高,语言运用能力的提升与社会关系网络的建立,以及现代化思维观念的形成和“五个认同”认同度的强化。文章基于广西的普通话推广普及与农户多维贫困脆弱性调研数据,采用FGLS模型分析普通话水平对农户多维贫困脆弱性的影响及作用机制。统计分析结果表明,推普可以显著降低农户多维贫困脆弱性,在1/5、1/3、2/5的贫困标准下分别在1%、5%、5%的水平上显著,但存在地区、职业、年龄方面的异质性,即推普对边境城市(崇左市)、非农群体、18-59周岁中青年群体缓解多维贫困脆弱性的效应更大;普通话缓解农户多维贫困脆弱性的内在逻辑在于,通过增加劳动收入,增强对中华文化的认同,促进社会关系网络的建立,提高身体健康水平以及生活幸福感,降低农户未来陷入经济、文化、社会、健康以及心理层面贫困的概率,从而降低多维贫困脆弱性;作为中华优秀语言文化的重要组成部分,掌握少数民族语言、方言等多语种能力也可以显著降低农户多维贫困脆弱性,其内在机理是通过提高农户收入、增强中华文化认同以及促进社会关系网络构建,降低陷入经济、文化、社会等层面贫困的可能,进而起到缓解农户多维贫困脆弱性的作用。新时期,我们既要重视降低农户贫困的多维性及脆弱性,因地制宜制定贫困标准与动态监测机制,更要充分发挥语言的多重效应,推动普通话普及更全面、更充分,构建和谐语言生态,巩固拓展语言扶贫成果,促进边境民族地区农民现代化、乡村振兴,以语言之桥畅通共同富裕道路,助力中国式现代化。 Since language serves as a kind of human capital,carrier of culture,and a tool of communication and thinking,the Mandarin popularization has multiple effects on economy,culture,society and identity,which contribute to the improvement of peasants'employment skills,income from farming and laboring,scientific and cultural literacy and employment opportunities,the enhancement of language skills and the establishment of social networks,as well as the formation of a modernized concept of thinking and the development of the"five identities".Based on research data,this paper uses the FGLS model to analyze the impact and functional mechanism of Mandarin level on the multidimensional poverty vulnerability of peasants in Guangxi.The results show that the Mandarin popularization has significantly reduced the multidimensional poverty vulnerability of peasants,showing the positive result of 1%,5%,and 5%respectively under the poverty threshold levels of 1/5,1/3,and 2/5.However,the effect varies in terms of area,occupation and age,i.e.Mandarin popularization has greater effect on reducing multidimensional poverty vulnerability in border cities like Chongzuo City,non-agriculture groups,and people aged between 18 and 59.The internal logic of the above reduction of multidimensional poverty vulnerability is that the increase in labor income enhances the identification with Chinese culture,establishes and promotes social networks,improves physical health and sense of well-being,and reduces the probability of peasants falling into poverty in terms of economy,culture,society,health and psychology in the future,thereby reducing multi-dimensional poverty vulnerability.The multilingual competence to master ethnic languages and dialects,as an important part of Chinese language and excellent culture,can also remarkably reduce the multidimensional poverty vulnerability of peasants.In the new era,it is necessary to pay attention to reducing the multidimensionality and vulnerability of poverty among peasants,formulate poverty standards and dyn

作者马静程凡刘金林 MA Jing;CHENG Fan;LIU Jinlin(Institute of Philosophy,Guangri Academy of Social Sciences,Nanning 530022,China;Guangri Institute of the Sense of Chinese Nation as One Community,Guangri Minzu University,Nanning 530006,China)

机构地区广西社会科学院哲学研究所广西民族大学广西中华民族共同体意识研究院

出处《广西民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第3期76-93,共18页 JOURNAL OF GUANGXI MINZU UNIVERSITY:PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION

基金国家社会科学基金重大项目“少数民族地区国家通用语言推广普及策略研究”(项目编号:22&ZD216) 广西哲学社会科学研究重点委托课题“推进中国式现代化视域下广西铸牢中华民族共同体意识的理论逻辑及实践路径研究”(项目编号:23WT03)

关键词推广普通话多维贫困脆弱性返贫边境民族地区乡村振兴 mandarin popularization multidimensional poverty vulnerability:returning to poverty border ethnic areas rural revitalization

分类号 F127 [经济管理—世界经济]