摘要
铟及其化合物具有优良的物理化学性质,在电子信息、光伏光电、国防工业等领域具有广泛应用。然而,铟在地壳中的平均丰度低,仅为(50~200)×10^(-9),且分布极为分散。因此,铟二次资源的高效回收利用将是对其有限一次资源的重要补充,对铟工业的可持续发展具有重要意义。废弃液晶显示器(LCD)因具有铟含量高、产生量大等特点,是最重要的铟二次资源之一。目前,国内外相关研究机构针对废弃LCD中回收铟开展了广泛的基础研究和技术开发。立足于基于湿法冶金的废弃LCD回收利用工艺技术,针对预处理、浸出、铟锡分离、铟的提取和精炼等关键步骤的工艺技术研究现状进行了综述,并对不同工艺的优缺点进行了总结和分析。旨在为现有工艺流程的改进优化,开发高效绿色、经济节能的废弃LCD回收技术提供参考,助力建立健全废旧电子产品回收体系,实现铟二次资源的无害化处理和高效综合利用。
Indium and its compounds have a variety of end uses including electrical components,semiconductors,solders and al⁃loys,mainly due to their attractive physicochemical properties.Particularly,indium tin oxide(ITO)film composed of 90%indium ox⁃ide and 10%tin oxide is an indispensable part in liquid crystal displays(LCDs)due to the excellent properties such as electrical con⁃ductivity,optical transparency,work functionality,as well as thermal reflection.The rapid development of electronic information in⁃dustry has resulted in a significant increase in the production of liquid crystal display electronic devices such as mobile phones,com⁃puters,and televisions.This has further resulted in a massive increase in global indium demand in the recent years.However,the con⁃tent of indium in the earth crust is only(50~200)×10^(-9)parts per billion and is found mostly in heavy metal sulfide ores with sphalerite as the dominant mineral.Due to the limited primary resources of indium,it will be challenging to meet the increasing worldwide de⁃mand for indium in the future.Therefore,it is crucial to comprehensively recover indium through secondary resources recycling in or⁃der to resolve the conflict between the rising demand for indium and the scarcity of its primary resources.Waste liquid crystal display is one of the most significant secondary resources of indium,of which the indium content is much higher than that in natural minerals,being as high as about 1000×10-6.The majority of LCD electronic devices have a limited lifespan of approximately 2~5 years,which contributes to the rapid generation of waste LCDs.Thus,efficient indium recovery from waste LCDs will be of great environmental and economic significance from the perspectives of high indium content and large quantity.The hydrometallurgical technology is currently the most important way to recover indium from end-of-life LCDs because of its advantages such as low energy consumption,simplicity in operation,and less environmental burden compared with pyrome
作者
孟金伟
陈高洁
徐亮
夏定武
赵卓
Meng Jinwei;Chen Gaojie;Xu Liang;Xia Dingwu;Zhao Zhuo(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma’anshan 243032,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期883-894,共12页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51904003)
安徽省杰出青年基金项目(2108085J26)
安徽省高等学校科学研究项目(2022AH050332)资助。
