摘要
【目的】探究陇南市主要森林类型死可燃物特征,并对森林火灾危险性进行评估,为区域森林火灾预防提供理论支撑。【方法】以陇南市4种主要森林类型为研究对象,分析不同森林类型死可燃物载量、干鲜比、平衡含水率、燃点和热值差异,并采用隶属函数模糊评价法对不同森林类型火灾危险性进行评价。【结果】4种森林类型死可燃物总载量呈油松林>落叶松林>栎类林>华山松林,且油松死可燃物总载量(16.02 t/hm2)显著高于其他3种森林类型(P<0.05),死可燃物中腐殖质和枯落物1载量显著高于枯落物2和枯落物3(P<0.05)。油松枯落物1死可燃物干鲜比显著高于落叶松(P<0.05),枯落物2死可燃物干鲜比最高(58.21%~66.47%),腐殖质最低(51.29%~55.56%)。栎类死可燃物平衡含水率最大,落叶松最小;枯落物3死可燃物平衡含水率最高(16.78%~20.38%),腐殖质层最低(12.22%~13.86%);死可燃物平衡含水率与可燃物直径成正比。腐殖质燃点显著高于枯落物,热值则与之相反(P<0.05)。隶属函数模糊评价结果表明4种森林类型中油松火灾危险性最大,其次是栎类和落叶松,华山松最低。【结论】不同森林类型和组分死可燃物载量、干鲜比、平衡含水率、燃点和热值存在差异。油松可燃物总载量最高,燃点和平衡含水率最低,导致其火灾危险性最大,因此在陇南市森林的经营和林火预防工作中,应加强对油松林可燃物管理。
[Objective]This paper explored the characteristics of dead fuel in main forest types in Longnan City,Gansu Province of northwestern China,and assessed the risk of forest fires,to provid theoretical support for regional forest fire prevention.[Method]Taking four main forest types in Longnan City as the research objects,the paper analyzed the difference of dead fuel load,dry to fresh ratio,equilibrium moisture content,ignition point and calorific value,and evaluated the fire risk of different forest types by membership function fuzzy evaluation method.[Result]The total dead fuel load of different forest types was Pinus tabuliformis>Larix gmelinii>Quercus>Pinus armandii.The total dead fuel load of Pinus tabuliformis(16.02 t/ha)was significantly higher than others(P<0.05),and the dead fuel load of humus layer and litter layer 1 was significantly higher than that of litter layer 2 and 3(P<0.05).The dry to fresh ratio of dead fuel in Pinus tabuliformis litter layer 1 was significantly higher than that of Larix gmelinii(P<0.05).The dry to fresh ratio of dead fuel in litter layer 2 was the highest(58.21%-66.47%)and that in humus layer was the lowest(51.29%-55.56%).The equilibrium moisture content of dead fuel in oak was the largest,while that in larch was the smallest.The equilibrium moisture content of dead fuel in litter layer 3 was the highest(16.78%-20.38%),and that in humus layer was the lowest(12.22%-13.86%).The equilibrium moisture content of dead fuel was directly proportional to the diameter of fuel.The ignition point of humus layer was significantly higher than that of litter layer,while the calorific value was opposite(P<0.05).The fuzzy evaluation results of membership function showed that the fire risk of Pinus tabuliformis stands was the largest,followed by Quercus sp.and Larix gmelinii,and that of Pinus armandii stands was the lowest.[Conclusion]There are differences in dead fuel load,dry to fresh ratiod,equilibrium moisture content,ignition point and calorific value among different forest types and compone
作者
王康锋
罗永忠
逯真佳
马立鹏
张存焘
郭鹏
马婧
赵亮生
Wang Kangfeng;Luo Yongzhong;Lu Zhenjia;Ma Lipeng;Zhang Cuntao;Guo Peng;Ma Jing;Zhao Liangsheng(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Gansu Monitoring Center for Ecological Resources,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China)
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期132-138,共7页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
甘肃省生态资源监测中心省级林业草原资源保护与发展基金(701-03723041)。
关键词
陇南市森林
死可燃物特征
危险性评价
隶属函数模糊评价
forest in Longnan City
characteristics of dead fuel
risk assessment
fuzzy evaluation of membership function
