摘要
人工智能技术的发展,促使媒介研究者们关注未来的赛博格和虚拟人,却忽视了人与现存生命之间的关系,尤其是围绕媒介所展开的关系。无论是动物、植物、真菌、细菌,抑或是作为整体的自然界,早就与人建立了一种双向乃至多向的驯化过程,由此形成跨越物种界限的关系丛。媒介是关系丛的核心要素,它构建场所、形成生产与再生产、促成流动、形成时间序列,同时也作为一种决断装置,在生命状况中制造不平等的区隔。在“人类世”的新图景中,人类学家的跨物种民族志研究重新确定人的地位,也重新思考人与多元物种之间的关系,从而为理解媒介带来新的潜力。本文梳理跨物种民族志对于媒介的启示,尤其关注一个关键问题,即物种关系是如何借助媒介展开的。本文提出了通用语言、视角转换和跨感官转码三个关键点,认为这是跨物种媒介展开的新维度,而正是在这个去人类中心主义的展开过程中,包括人在内的各物种都有可能走向新的生成关系。
The development of artificial intelligence technologies has prompted media researchers to focus on future cyborgs and avatars,while neglecting the relationship between human beings and existing life,especially the relationship that revolves around media.Whether it is animals,plants,fungi,bacteria,or nature as a whole,a two-way(or even multi-way)process of domestication has long been established with humans,resulting in the formation of clusters of relationships that cross species boundaries.The media is located as the central element of this relational complex,constructing places,producing and reproducing niches,facilitating affective flows,forming temporal sequences,and at the same time acting as an apparatus,creating unequal divisions among the conditions of life.In the new era of Anthropocene,multi-species ethnographic researches redefine the status of human being and also rethink the relationship between human being and a plurality of species,thus opening up new potentials for understanding media.This paper sorts out what multi-species ethnography has to say about media,with a particular focus on the key question of how species relations unfold through media.The paper proposes three key points as universal language,perspective shifting and crosssensory transcoding as new dimensions of cross-species media,and it is in this de-anthropocentric unfolding that species,including humans,have the potential to move towards new relationships.
作者
张磊
Zhang Lei(National Center for Communication Innovation Studies,Communication University of China)
出处
《新闻界》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第7期4-13,共10页
基金
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“跨文化数字适应与跨文化传播能力建设研究”(22JJD860010)。
关键词
媒介人类学
跨物种民族志
人类世
赛博格
根茎
人工智能
media anthropology
multi-species ethnography
Anthropocene
cyborgs
rhizomes
artificialintelligence
