摘要
目的探索麻黄“先煮”“去沫”的历史演变规律,并探讨其机制。方法检索古代文献含麻黄的本草著作及方书,构建麻黄本草数据库及含麻黄内服汤剂数据库,并结合现代文献,探索古今医家对麻黄“先煮”“去沫”的要求及认识。结果古代文献中,不同朝代、不同本草、不同方书及方剂中对麻黄的煎煮要求及煎煮程度不尽相同。东汉至唐代时要求麻黄“先煮”“去沫”的占比急剧下降,唐至宋金元时期小幅度下降,金元至明清时期无太大变化。汉晋时期含麻黄汤剂中要求麻黄“先煮”的占58.33%、“去沫”占55.56%,唐代时分别占20.87%、20.08%,至清代时分别仅占12.50%、12.50%。麻黄日剂量在2.01~10.00 g时,要求麻黄“先煮”“去沫”的仅占8.41%和5.61%,而麻黄日剂量大于60 g时“先煮”“去沫”的占比均超过50.0%,相关性分析结果也显示麻黄日用剂量与“先煮”“去沫”之间存在弱的正相关关系,相关系数r1=0.259、r2=0.263,(P<0.001)。结论自汉唐至明清乃至现代都有麻黄“先煮”“去沫”的记载,但未形成统一的认识,现代医家多已不再沿用“先煮”“去沫”的特殊煎煮方法,临证用药时可结合自身诊疗经验及麻黄用量等选择煎煮方式。
Objective To discuss the historical evolution and the theory of“boiling first”and“removing foam”for Ephedrae Herba.Methods Materia medica and formulas containing Ephedrae Herba in ancient literature were retrieved,and the materia medica works database of Ephedrae Herba and the database of oral decoction containing Ephedrae Herba were constructed.Combined with modern literature,the requirements and understanding of ancient and modern physicians on Ephedrae Herba“boiling first”and“removing foam”were explored.Results In ancient literature,the decoction requirements and the degree of decoction of ephedra varied in different dynasties,different Materia medica works,different formulas and prescriptions.From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty,the proportion of Ephedrae Herba required“boiling first”and“removing foam”decreased sharply.From the Tang Dynasty to the Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,the proportion decreased slightly.From the Jin and Yuan Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties,there was little change.In the Han and Jin Dynasties,58.33%and 55.56%of the decoctions containing Ephedrae Herba required“boiling first”and“removing foam”respectively,20.87%and 20.08%in the Tang Dynasty,and only 12.50%and 12.50%in the Qing Dynasty.When the daily dose of Ephedrae Herba was 2.01~10.00 g,only 8.41%and 5.61%were required“boiling first”and“removing foam”,while the proportion was more than 50.0%when the daily dose was more than 60 g.The results of correlation analysis also showed that there was a weak positive correlation between the daily dose of Ephedrae Herba and“boiling first”and“removing foam”,the correlation coefficient r1=0.259,r2=0.263(P<0.001).Conclusion Since the Han and Tang Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties and even in modern times,there are records of Ephedrae Herba’s“boiling first”and“removing foam”,but no unified understanding has been formed.Most modern doctors no longer follow the special decoction methods of“boiling first”and“removin
作者
杨文华
王莹
潘霖
李佳怡
张安特
雷珍珍
薛春苗
YANG Wen-hua;WANG Ying;PAN Lin;LI Jia-yi;ZHANG An-te;LEI Zhen-zhen;XUE Chun-miao(Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100700)
出处
《中南药学》
CAS
2024年第8期2206-2211,共6页
Central South Pharmacy
基金
2018年全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目(国中医药人教函[2018]204号)
北京中医药新奥奖励基金课题(No.2018-XAJLJJ-006)。
关键词
麻黄
先煮
去沫
历史演变
古今文献
麻黄用量
Ephedrae Herba
boiling first
removing foam
historical evolution
ancient and modern literature
dosage of Ephedrae Herba
