摘要
基于三维水动力模型FVCOM对辽河口海域的水动力特征进行模拟,在验证模型准确性的基础上,对辽河口海域2016年春、夏、秋、冬4个季节的水温分布规律和枯、丰水期两个时间段河口盐度的变化特征进行研究。研究结果表明:辽河口区域潮流特征主要表现为往复流,涨潮和落潮的主要流向为东北向和西南向,近海浅滩使涨落潮流出现分流,辽河及大辽河径流的输入对河口潮流有一定的影响;受太阳辐射和海表气温变化的影响,辽河口海域的水温存在明显的季节性变化,辽河口冬季和秋季水温分布整体呈现南高北低的趋势,春季和夏季水温分布整体呈现南低北高的趋势;淡水径流对辽河口近岸水体盐度分布有着较大影响,丰水期河口水体盐度低于枯水期的水体盐度,在垂向分布方面,辽河口未能形成明显的温度和盐度跃层;辽河口特殊的盐度分布是红海滩植被区适宜盐地碱蓬的生长的原因之一。研究结果可为辽河口海域的开发及保护工作提供参考依据。
This study adopts the three-di mensional hydrodynamic FVCOM model to simulate the hydrodynamic characteristics of the Liao River Estuary.On the basis of verifying the accuracy of the model,the distribution of water temperature in the Liao River Estuary in spring,summer,autumn and winter in 2016 and the variation characteristics of salinity in the estuary during dry and wet periods are studied.The study results indicate that the tidal current characteristics in the Liao River Estuary are mainly characterized by reciprocating flow,and the main flow direc-tions of rising and falling tides are northeast and southwest,multi-branch flow is formed due to the offshore shoals in the process of flood and ebb tide.The input of runoff from the Liao River and the Daliao River has a certain impact on estuarine tidal currents.There are also significant seasonal changes in the water temperature in the Liao River Estuary due to the change in solar radiation and sea surface air tem perature.The distribution of water temperature in the Liao Riv-er Estuary in winter and autumn shows a trend of high in the south region and low in the north region,while the distribution of water temperature in spring and summer shows a trend of low in the south region and high in the north region.Freshwater runoff has a significant impact on the distribution of salinity in the nearshore waters of the Liao River Estuary,the salinity of es-tuarine water in flood season was lower than that in dry season,and there is no significant the stratified structure of temperature and salinity formed in vertical distribution.The special salinity distribution in the Liao River Estuary is one of the reasons why the vegetation area of the Red Beach is suitable for the growth of Suaeda salsa in the salt land.The study results can provide a reference basis for the development and protection of the Liao River Estuary.
作者
弓耘
张明亮
GONG Yun;ZHNG Mingliang(College of Marine Science,Teehnology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Technology Innovation Center of Offshore Ecological Environment and Disaster Protection Engineering in Liaoning Province,Dalian 116023,China)
出处
《海洋开发与管理》
2024年第4期124-139,共16页
Ocean Development and Management
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U21A20155,51879028)
辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023030048-JH2/1013)
大连市科技创新基金项目(2021JJ11CG001)。
关键词
数值模拟
水动力特征
温盐分布
盐沼湿地
辽河口
Numerical simulation
Hydrodynamic characteristic
Temperature and salinity dis-tribution
Salt marsh wetland
Liao River Estuary
