摘要
目的通过简易的方法制备耐久性的油水分离材料。方法采用水热-退火方法在不锈钢网(SSM)基底上制备了ZnCo_(2)O_(4)纳米针状阵列(ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM)。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱和接触角测量仪对油水分离材料的表面形貌、组分和表面润湿性进行了表征和研究。结果ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM空气中水的接触角为0°,水下油的接触角≥155°,显示了超亲水-水下超疏油的特殊润湿性。ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM呈现出优异的抗油污性能和重力驱动油水分离性能。对油-水混合物的分离效率大于99.8%,通量为3861~6114 L/(m^(2)·h),对水包油乳液的分离效率大于99.5%,通量为231~322 L/(m^(2)·h)。ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM具有循环使用稳定性,在连续分离煤油-水混合物30次后,分离效率仍然能够达到99.8%以上。更重要的是,ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM显示了优秀的长期稳定性、机械耐久性和强腐蚀环境耐久性(强酸,pH=1;强碱,pH=14;高盐,3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液)。结论ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM以不锈钢网为载体,弥补了机械强度差的缺点。ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM以高化学稳定的ZnCo_(2)O_(4)作为微纳米结构,提高了分离材料的耐久性。因此,ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM制备方法简单,在工业含油污水的分离中具有很好的潜在应用前景。
With the rapid development of economy,petrochemical industry,machinery manufacturing,metallurgy,catering and other industries discharge a large amount of oily wastewater every year,resulting in serious environmental pollution and ecological destruction.The work aims to fabricate durable oil-water separation materials for oily sewage treatment by a facile method.In this experiment,ZnCo_(2)O_(4) nano-needle arrays were prepared by hydrothermal annealing method on 304 stainless steel mesh substrates(ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM).The surface morphology,composition and wettability of the ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and contact angle measurement.The contact angle test results showed that the water contact angle of ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM in air was 0°and underwater oil contact angle was greater than 155°,indicating superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic property.Therefore,when the ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM surfaces contact with the oil-water mixture or emulsion,the oil and water can be effectively separated.Through the oil-water separation experiments,it is found that ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM can efficiently separate several kinds of oil-water mixtures and oil-in-water emulsions under its gravity at room temperature.The separation efficiency of oil-water mixture is greater than 99.8%,and the flux is 3861-6114 L/(m^(2)·h).The separation efficiency of oil-in-water emulsion is greater than 99.5%,and the flux is 231-322 L/(m^(2)·h).ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM has recycling stability,and the separation efficiency can still reach more than 99.8%after 30 times of continuous separation of the kerosene-water mixture.The underwater anti-oil-fouling property of ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM is also demonstrated.A stream of light oil(n-hexane)is quickly ejected to the ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM surface and the oil can bounce off the ZnCo_(2)O_(4)-SSM surface instantly without any oil droplets remaining.Furthermore,the heavy oil(CCl4)ej
作者
张跃忠
沈静
张少华
武鹏鹏
刘宝胜
ZHANG Yuezhong;SHEN Jing;ZHANG Shaohua;WU Pengpeng;LIU Baosheng(Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)
出处
《表面技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第16期198-207,共10页
Surface Technology
基金
山西省基础研究项目(202303021211166,202203021222188)
山西省专利转化项目(202402019)
山西省重点研发项目(202102050201003,202203D111001)。
