摘要
选取漯河市26辆不同类型车辆开展尾气排放挥发性有机物(VOCs)源采样,分析VOCs源成分谱特征及其对环境和人体健康的影响。结果表明:轻型汽油车尾气排放以含氧挥发性有机物(OVOC)和烷烃为主,特征物种主要包括丙酮、异戊烷、乙醛、2,3-二甲基丁烷和乙烯;柴油车尾气排放以OVOC和烯烃为主,特征物种主要包括丙酮、乙烯、乙醛、苯甲醛和丙烯醛。随着累计行驶里程的增加,汽油车烷烃排放增加47.3%,芳香烃排放下降122.4%。轻型汽油车尾气排放的OVOC和柴油车尾气排放的烯烃对臭氧生成潜势的贡献较高,芳香烃对二次有机气溶胶生成潜势贡献最大;国Ⅳ、国Ⅵ轻柴车和国Ⅳ重柴车的源活性因子较高,均为应当优先控制的机动车类型。检车场工作人员VOCs暴露存在非致癌和致癌健康风险,应加强健康防护。
Background,aim,and scope O_(3) has replaced PM_(2.5),which will cause secondary atmospheric pollution like haze and photochemical smog.VOCs,as important precursors,can cause health problems and even carcinogenic risks with long-term exposure.Vehicle exhaust is a major source of VOCs in cities.With the development of vehicle technology and emission standards,source profile of VOCs emitted by vehicle need to be updated.Thus,studying the emission composition,secondary pollution contribution and health risk of VOCs in exhaust is crucial for the management of VOCs and health protection.Materials and methods 26 Gasoline and diesel vehicles under different emission standards were selected for bench tests at the inspection plant to detect VOCs in vehicle exhaust emissions,using the Simple Operating Condition Method(SOCM).The VOCs were sampled using PTFE bags with volume of 3 L,and an online pre-concentration-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC-MS/FID)analyzer(Thermo Scientific 5800GM)was used to analyze 114 VOCs(including 29 alkanes,11 alkenes,1 alkyne,17 aromatics,35 halogenated hydrocarbons,and 21 OVOCs)using the standard gas CNEMC MIX-117(Linde,USA).In terms of the contribution of exhaust emissions to secondary air pollution,the maximum incremental reactivity(MIR)method was used to estimate the ozone production potential(OFP)and the toluene weighted mass contribution method was used to estimate the secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP)values of VOCs species emitted from the exhausts of various types of vehicles in Luohe City.Both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks were assessed for inspection plant workers.Results The VOCs emitted from the exhaust of light-duty gasoline vehicles are mainly OVOC and alkanes,followed by aromatic hydrocarbons,accounting for 43.6%,35.0%and 11.6%,respectively.VOCs emitted from the exhaust of nationalⅣlight-duty petrol vehicles were mainly alkanes(52.0%),followed by OVOC(28.4%);VOCs emitted from the exhaust of nationalⅤlight-duty petrol vehicles were mainly OVOC(57.1
作者
杜宇彬
吴丽萍
牛大伟
冷海斌
徐云飞
薛爽
张楠
DU Yubin;WU Liping;NIU Dawei;LENG Haibin;XU Yunfei;XUE Shuang;ZHANG Nan(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Tianjin Cheng jian University,Tianjin 300384,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Environmental Monitoring Center of Luohe City,Luohe 462000,China)
出处
《地球环境学报》
CSCD
2024年第3期498-513,共16页
Journal of Earth Environment
基金
漯河市生态环境局漯河市高时空分辨率大气污染源排放清单编制项目
漯河市细颗粒物和臭氧协同防控示范研究(DQGG202137)。
