摘要
为明确砂田表层土壤养分对连作的响应规律,深入揭示砂田性能逐年退化机理,文章基于国内外已发表的16篇相关文献的586组有效数据,借助Meta-analysis方法进行整合定量研究,定量分析覆砂1—3年农田与其他连作年限砂田(4—6年、7—9年、10—12年、13—15年、16—20年)在表层土壤水分状况(SWC)、养分特性(有机质SOM、全氮TN、全磷TP、全钾TK、碱解氮AN、速效磷AP、速效钾AK、全盐TSS)和酸碱环境(pH)方面的差异效应,系统阐释砂田表层土壤养分特性逐年变异的发生路径及驱动因素,进而综合评估其肥力水平。结果表明:伴随种植年限的增加,砂田表层土壤水分储量和养分强度整体呈现下降态势(P<0.05),4—20年的土壤SWC、SOM、TN、TP、TK、AN、AP、AK含量分别较1—3年减少39.06%、14.21%、14.96%、10.06%、8.20%、15.87%、37.01%、18.60%(P<0.05)。表层土壤SOM、TN、TP、TK、AN、AP、AK主要于10—12年开始大幅流失(P<0.05),而4—6年土壤SOM、TP、TK、AK含量的相对变化则不显著(P>0.05)。砂田在耕作12年内具有显著压盐效果,12年以后的表层土壤TSS含量则开始呈现逐年增加的发展趋向(P<0.05),其土壤pH整体增加1.29%(P<0.05)。连作年限是砂田表层土壤TN、TP和AK变异的关键因子;SWC则为土壤SOM、AP和TSS演化的主导要素。总体而言,砂田在连作10年左右即可出现明显的养分亏缺状态。因此,亟需提出科学合理的农田管理措施,以有效提升退化砂田的土壤肥力水平。
The prolonged tillage,unreasonable irrigation and wind erosion bring crisis and uncertainty to the soil quality and land productivity of gravel-sand mulched field in the arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China.However,the comprehensive impact of continuous cropping on topsoil nutrients in gravel-sand mulched field is currently unclear.In this study,we collected 586 pieces of data from 16 papers published in international and domestic journals.After that,the differences in soil water content(SWC),soil nutrient properties(SOM,TN,TP,TK,AN,AP,AK,TSS,representing soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and total soluble salt,respectively),and soil pH between gravel-sand mulched field with different continuous cropping years(4—6,7—9,10—12,13—15,and 16—20)and farmland mulched with gravel for 1—3 years(CK)were quantitatively analyzed based on Meta-analysis.Furthermore,the response characteristics,occurrence path and driving factors of topsoil nutrient properties to continuous cropping years and water-salt environment were systematically clarified,and the soil fertility level of all treatments was comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis,aiming to further deeply reveal the soil nutrient degradation mechanism of continuous cropping gravel-sand mulched field.The results showed that the topsoil moisture and nutrients of gravel-sand mulched field presented an overall downward trend with increasing years of continuous cropping(P<0.05).Compared to CK,the contents of SWC,SOM,TN,TP,TK,AN,AP,and AK of 4—20 years decreased by 39.06%,14.21%,14.96%,10.06%,8.20%,15.87%,37.01%,and 18.60%,respectively(P<0.05).It was worth noting that the contents of SOM,TN,TP,TK,AN,AP,AK began to significantly decline from 10 to 12 years(P<0.05).However,the relative changes in soil SOM,TP,TK,and AK contents of 4—6 years were not significant(P>0.05).Gravel-sand mulched field had a significant salt pressure effect within 12 years
作者
贾振江
吴洋洋
李王成
姚晓翠
马东祥
陈继虹
JIA Zhenjiang;WU Yangyang;LI Wangcheng;YAO Xiaocui;MA Dongxiang;CHEN Jihong(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan 750021,China;State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Laboratory of the Internet of Water and Digital Water Governance of the Yellow River in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Life Science,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第15期6597-6608,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52169010)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900600)
清华大学-宁夏银川水联网数字治水联合研究院项目(sklhse-2023-Iow013)
宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。
关键词
砂田
连作
表层土壤
养分退化
中国西北旱区
整合分析
gravel-sand mulched field
continuous cropping
topsoil
nutrient degradation
arid regions of Northwest China
Meta-analysis
